Project Summary/Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a uniformly fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by neuronal death
in the motor system, both in the brain and spinal cord. It results in progressive weakness throughout the body,
with death typically from respiratory failure within 3 years of symptom onset. Therapy initiation and drug
development are hindered, in part, by the lack of quantitative biomarkers for the disease. In the proposed
project a multi-center study will be carried out to validate and further characterize a potential biomarker for
ALS, known as intermuscular coherence (IMC). IMC measures the correlation of activity between two muscles
and represents the shared input to the muscles from motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In vivo studies
in both non-human primates and humans suggest that IMC in the range of 15-40 Hz (ß-to-¿ frequencies)
represents input to muscle pairs from upper motor neurons. When motor neurons in the brain are damaged, as
happens in ALS, IMC decreases in the ß¿ frequency range. In a preliminary report we showed that patients
with ALS have lower IMC in the ß¿ range than do age- and sex-matched control subjects. Because the
measurement of IMC is quick, non-invasive, painless, and requires only equipment found in standard clinical
neurophysiology labs, the method, if validated, would be an important biomarker for ALS.
Proposed is a multi-center validation study of IMC in the clinical environment. First, the accuracy, sensitivity,
and specificity of the biomarker will be determined in patients who present to neurology clinic for an initial
evaluation when ALS is suspected. In order to provide the most specificity, the distribution of IMC values will
be characterized in neurotypical subjects across several demographic subgroups. Finally, IMC will be
monitored over time in patients with ALS to determine how IMC changes with ALS disease progression.
Preliminary data suggest that IMC could be a useful biomarker for diagnosing ALS, allowing differentiation of
ALS from ALS-mimic disorders, and that it can be used to objectively monitor the progression of ALS over
time. A multi-center study to test the validity of these preliminary findings is important before this method can
be implemented to speed diagnosis and provide faster access to treatments of ALS for patients.