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Representational Similarity Spaces for Objects and Actions Before and After Brain Tumor Surgery

Award Number: R01NS089609
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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SUMMARY The ability to identify common objects in our environment (forks, pens, mugs) and grasp and manipulate them according to their function in support of behavioral goals is a tacit skill woven into everyday activities. Those abilities are supported by an integrated network of occipital and temporal lobe regions (supporting visual object processing and conceptual knowledge) and parietal and frontal areas (supporting active maintenance of object representations and object-directed actions). This object-processing network can be reliably mapped at the single participant and the group level using functional MRI when participants view images of manipulable objects. The key theoretical gap addressed by this research program concerns how neural representations of objects and actions in one region of the object processing network causally depend on processing in other regions within the network. This program tackles this issue via a new analytic approach, `Voxel-based Lesion Representational Similarity Analyses (VL-RSA). VL-RSA tests how lesions in one part of the brain affect fMRI-measured neural representational spaces in anatomically distant areas. VL-RSA capitalizes on the complementary strengths of neuropsychology (causal inference) and fMRI (high-sensitivity to information decoding). Hypothesis testing across Aims compare representational similarity spaces for a common set of objects and actions in functionally defined ROIs distal to the location of a brain tumor—before and after resective surgery. This approach offers a powerful model to derive causal inferences about processing dependencies across a network of brain regions. Aim 1 studies patients with brain tumors (and surgeries) that spare occipito-temporal cortex (OTC). Aim 1 tests the predictions that lesions to parietal regions of the object processing network will reduce neural responses and within-category multi-voxel pattern similarity specifically for objects (and not for faces, animals, places), and specifically in object-preferring subregions of OTC (as opposed to face/animal preferring regions). Aim 2 studies patients with brain tumors that spare parietal cortex. Aim 2 tests the predictions that occipito- temporal lesions will disrupt representational similarity spaces for object-associated manipulation (praxis) in the supramarginal gyrus, while frontal motor lesions will disrupt grasp representations in aIPS. Clinically oriented Aim 3 tests if representational spaces for objects and actions shift to the right hemisphere regions homologous to the site of the tumor, and the surgery to remove the tumor, and how such reorganization relates behavioral ability. Extensional analyses evaluate the roles of monocular vs binocular cues to depth and `tangibility' of the visual stimuli, and the relation between structural integrity of white matter pathways and core functional outcomes. Fulfilment of the Aims of this program will advance understanding of how brain lesions affect processing distal to the injury with causal evidence. A deeper understanding of how brain lesions affect network function is important for understanding variability across patients in recovery after brain injury.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $452,080 )
2025	2025	CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY	5000 FORBES AVE	PITTSBURGH	PA	15213	ALLEGHENY	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	7	12/26/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$452,080
														Subtotal = $452,080

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $521,807 )
2024	2024	CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY	5000 FORBES AVE	PITTSBURGH	PA	15213	ALLEGHENY	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	6	2/5/2024	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$521,807
														Subtotal = $521,807

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2021	2019	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	5	7/30/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2020	2019	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	5	5/21/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $356,247 )
2019	2019	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	5	4/2/2019	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$356,247
														Subtotal = $356,247

Issue Date FY: 2018 ( Subtotal = $368,147 )
2018	2018	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	001	4	5/2/2018	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$35,622
2018	2018	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	4	1/19/2018	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$320,625
2018	2018	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	002	4	6/26/2018	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$11,900
														Subtotal = $368,147

Issue Date FY: 2017 ( Subtotal = $360,372 )
2017	2017	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	601 ELMWOOD AVE	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	3	1/20/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$324,336
2017	2017	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	601 ELMWOOD AVE	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	001	3	6/1/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$36,036
														Subtotal = $360,372

Issue Date FY: 2016 ( Subtotal = $360,372 )
2016	2016	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	2	1/25/2016	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$360,372
														Subtotal = $360,372

Issue Date FY: 2015 ( Subtotal = $361,269 )
2015	2015	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	1	3/31/2015	NEW	$361,269
														Subtotal = $361,269

Grand Total All Awards = $2,780,294

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Representational Similarity Spaces for Objects and Actions Before and After Brain Tumor Surgery

Award Number: R01NS089609

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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