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Influences of viewing geometry on neural computations of motion and depth

Award Number: R01EY013644
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 03/01/2025
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2030

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Influences of viewing geometry on neural computations of motion and depth - Vision is active—we move our eyes to acquire information and to track objects of interest. However, eye movements have visual consequences; for example, when we smoothly move our eyes to pursue an object of interest, this adds components of motion to the retinal image. These visual consequences of eye movements must be compensated to judge how objects move in the world. The conventional view is that compensation for smooth pursuit eye movements can be achieved by subtracting a vector (equal and opposite to the eye movement) from retinal image velocity. We demonstrate that this conventional view has limited applicability, and that even a simple combination of eye translation and rotation has visual consequences that cannot be compensated by a vector subtraction. Crucially, this means that the brain needs to infer the viewing geometry (defined here as how the eye translates and rotates relative to the scene) and then perform different computations to estimate the motion and depth of objects during pursuit eye movements, depending on the viewing geometry. We develop a theoretical framework that predicts how perception of object motion and depth should depend on viewing geometry. In Aim #1, we use human psychophysics to test our theoretical predictions. Preliminary data show the perceived motion and depth have perceptual biases that depend strongly on viewing geometry, as predicted by our theory, even while the retinal velocity of the judged object remains fixed. These biases occur automatically, without training or feedback. In Aim #2, we test whether neural activity in passively fixating monkeys is influenced by viewing geometry (without training) in ways that can account for perceptual biases. In Aim #3, we measure both behavioral and neural effects of manipulating viewing geometry to assess whether neural modulations in different visual areas (MT, MSTl, and VPS) can account for the observed perceptual biases. Our strong preliminary data suggest that we will make important advances in understanding how inferred viewing geometry interacts with neural computations of motion and depth. The proposed research is directly relevant to the research priorities of the Strabismus, Amplyopia, and Visual Processing program at the National Eye Institute.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $472,926 )
2026	2026	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	910 GENESEE ST	ROCHESTER	NY	14611	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	21	4/6/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$472,926
														Subtotal = $472,926

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $468,768 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	910 GENESEE ST	ROCHESTER	NY	14611	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	20	2/25/2025	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$468,768
														Subtotal = $468,768

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2022	2020	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	19	7/22/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $385,000 )
2020	2020	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	19	3/24/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$385,000
														Subtotal = $385,000

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $385,000 )
2019	2019	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	18	3/20/2019	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$385,000
														Subtotal = $385,000

Issue Date FY: 2018 ( Subtotal = $385,000 )
2018	2018	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	17	4/9/2018	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$385,000
														Subtotal = $385,000

Issue Date FY: 2017 ( Subtotal = $384,688 )
2017	2017	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	601 ELMWOOD AVE	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	001	16	3/30/2017	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$384,688
2017	2017	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	003	16	8/8/2017	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$726
2017	2015	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	500 JOSEPH C WILSON BLVD	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	002	15	8/8/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$726
2017	2015	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	601 ELMWOOD AVE	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	15	3/27/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $384,688

Issue Date FY: 2015 ( Subtotal = $462,688 )
2015	2015	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	15	7/23/2015	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$462,688
														Subtotal = $462,688

Issue Date FY: 2014 ( Subtotal = $462,687 )
2014	2014	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	14	7/17/2014	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$462,687
														Subtotal = $462,687

Issue Date FY: 2013 ( Subtotal = $448,526 )
2013	2013	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	13	7/31/2013	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$448,526
														Subtotal = $448,526

Issue Date FY: 2012 ( Subtotal = $472,132 )
2012	2012	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	12	7/23/2012	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$472,132
														Subtotal = $472,132

Issue Date FY: 2011 ( Subtotal = $472,132 )
2011	2011	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	001	11	7/19/2011	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$472,132
2011	2010	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	910 GENESEE STREET SUITE 200	ROCHESTER	NY	14611	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	10	7/15/2011	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2011	2010	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	910 GENESEE STREET SUITE 200	ROCHESTER	NY	14611	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	002	10	7/21/2011	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $472,132

Issue Date FY: 2010 ( Subtotal = $394,118 )
2010	2010	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	10	6/30/2010	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$394,118
														Subtotal = $394,118

Issue Date FY: 2009 ( Subtotal = $385,353 )
2009	2009	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14642	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	9	6/22/2009	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$385,353
														Subtotal = $385,353

Issue Date FY: 2008 ( Subtotal = $388,768 )
2008	2008	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14620	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	8	5/26/2008	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$388,768
														Subtotal = $388,768

Issue Date FY: 2007 ( Subtotal = $382,634 )
2007	2007	UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER	1325 MOUNT HOPE AVE, SUITE 260	ROCHESTER	NY	14620	MONROE	USA	Vision Research	000	7	6/25/2007	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$382,634
														Subtotal = $382,634

Issue Date FY: 2006 ( Subtotal = $436,813 )
2006	2006	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	CAMPUS BOX 1034	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63112	SAINT LOUIS CITY	USA	Vision Research	000	6	7/17/2006	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$436,813
														Subtotal = $436,813

Issue Date FY: 2005 ( Subtotal = $287,860 )
2005	2005	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	7425 FORSYTH	CLAYTON	MO	63105	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Vision Research	001	5	7/15/2005	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$18,360
2005	2005	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	7425 FORSYTH	CLAYTON	MO	63105	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Vision Research	000	5	6/10/2005	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$269,500
														Subtotal = $287,860

Issue Date FY: 2004 ( Subtotal = $269,500 )
2004	2004	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	7425 FORSYTH	CLAYTON	MO	63105	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Vision Research	000	4	6/10/2004	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$269,500
														Subtotal = $269,500

Issue Date FY: 2003 ( Subtotal = $269,500 )
2003	2003	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	7425 FORSYTH	CLAYTON	MO	63105	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Vision Research	000	3	6/18/2003	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$269,500
														Subtotal = $269,500

Issue Date FY: 2002 ( Subtotal = $269,500 )
2002	2002	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	7425 FORSYTH	CLAYTON	MO	63105	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Vision Research	000	2	6/25/2002	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$269,500
														Subtotal = $269,500

Issue Date FY: 2001 ( Subtotal = $294,500 )
2001	2001	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	7425 FORSYTH	CLAYTON	MO	63105	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Vision Research	000	1	7/5/2001	NEW	$294,500
														Subtotal = $294,500

Grand Total All Awards = $8,178,093

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Influences of viewing geometry on neural computations of motion and depth

Award Number: R01EY013644

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 03/01/2025

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2030

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