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Organ specific effects of platelet transfusions in neonates

Award Number: R00HL184327
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, & BLOOD INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 05/01/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2029

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Organ specific effects of platelet transfusions in neonates - Summary/Abstract This R00 proposal describes a three-year research plan that will facilitate the transition of Dr. Patricia Davenport to an independent academic researcher in the field of neonatal platelet (PLT) biology and transfusion medicine. Dr. Davenport has shown herself to be a productive and dedicated early physician scientist who completed her post-graduate training in neonatal-perinatal medicine. PLTs are active participants in both hemostasis and inflammation, yet the clinical awareness of their immune properties has lagged behind research discoveries. Preterm infants are at high risk of spontaneous bleeding and receive PLT transfusions (Txs) at higher PLT counts than adults or children in hopes of preventing bleeding, but without consideration of their inflammatory activity. The PlaNet-2 trial, the largest randomized trial of PLT Tx in preterm neonates, found that liberal PLT Txs increased neonatal mortality and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), or chronic lung disease of prematurity. The two-year outcomes from this trial were recently published and found an increased incidence of death or major neurodevelopmental disability, as well as increased need for supplement oxygen, again in the infants randomized to the liberal compared to the restrictive PLT Tx threshold. The mechanisms mediating the harmful effects of PLT Txs on lung and brain development are unknown and will be the focus of this proposal. When transfused, neonates receive adult PLTs, which are known to be hyperreactive and potentially more pro- inflammatory compared to neonatal PLTs. The overarching goal of this proposal is to improve the management of neonatal thrombocytopenia through a better understanding of the organ-specific consequences of PLT Txs given to neonates with different underlying pathologies. The overall hypothesis is that adult PLT Txs act as a “second hit” to an initial inflammatory stimulus to trigger or amplify neonatal immune and inflammatory responses, resulting in neonatal lung and brain injury. This hypothesis will be tested with the following specific aims: 1.To characterize the neonatal hepatic response to PLT Tx and how it contributes to the systemic inflammatory state, 2. To establish the mechanisms through which PLT Txs worsen neonatal lung injury and promote the development/severity of BPD, and 3. To determine the effects of PLT Tx in a mouse model of neonatal brain injury. These studies have high clinical and translational relevance, with the potential to lead to clinical practice change. The Division of Newborn Medicine at BCH is committed to Dr. Davenport’s success and has assured at least 75% protected time to devote to the activities described in this proposal. The expertise and knowledge gained from this R00 Award will enable Dr. Davenport to obtain future R01 funding and transition to an independent research career focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying the harm associated with neonatal PLT Tx.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $443,978 )
2026	2026	CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL CORPORATION, THE	300 LONGWOOD AVE	BOSTON	MA	02115	SUFFOLK	USA	Blood Diseases and Resources Research	000	1	5/4/2026	NEW	$443,978
														Subtotal = $443,978

Grand Total All Awards = $443,978

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Organ specific effects of platelet transfusions in neonates

Award Number: R00HL184327

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, & BLOOD INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 05/01/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2029

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