Baylor Research Education Program in Clinical Neurosciences - Baylor Research Education Program in Clinical Neurosciences Abstract Baylor College of Medicine has been the premier medical training program in Houston, TX for over half a century. The primary neurological training programs include Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Pediatric Neurology. These programs have always had a strong academic tradition, and graduates have served as faculty at many leading medical schools, but historically there was a decidedly clinical emphasis. Over a decade ago, a strategic decision was made to focus on research and research education by capitalizing on the extraordinary scientific resources at Baylor College of Medicine and affiliated institutions in the Texas Medical Center. Many residency programs, including these three, were retooled to substantially enhance their ability to train the next generation of academic neurologists and neurosurgeons. In 2009, the BCM Department of Neurosurgery was awarded the predecessor NINDS R25 grant to support resident research. Our successful renewals in 2014 and 2019 evidence the strength of clinical neurosciences research at BCM that is available to support our trainees and propel them towards independent careers as clinician-scientists. In this UE5 renewal, we expand the breadth of the program to offer the same high-caliber training to residents in Neurology and Pediatric Neurology and make these opportunities available to future trainees interested in neuroscience research in related disciplines such Radiology, Anesthesiology, Pathology, and Emergency Medicine. We will select outstanding residents who have the background, talent, and motivation to become successful clinician-scientists, and then carefully integrate additional specialized research education into their residency training and beyond. The UE5 program will mentor these residents through the entire research process, from project conception to experimental design, data analysis and interpretation, to publication of results, and finally to the development of an effective plan for beginning a career as a physician-scientist. The mentorship established by this program will continue beyond residency into fellowship and the early career stages. In addition to carrying out a research project, residents selected for this research education program will be trained in experimental design, scientific writing, oral presentation, and in the responsible conduct of research. Furthermore, they will receive considerable oversight and career counseling from a team of expert mentors with the intent of paving their way to success in obtaining a mentored career development award and becoming productive, independent physician-scientists.