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Cortical basis of complex motor sequences in humans for neural interfaces

Award Number: U01NS123101
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/22/2021
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/31/2027

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Cortical basis of complex motor sequences in humans for neural interfaces - PROJECT SUMMARY Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) can restore lost function for people with severe speech and motor impairment (SSMI) due to neurological injury or disease. Despite tremendous recent progress, iBCI performance remains well below that of able-bodied people. In prior NIH- supported research, our collaborative team developed a high-performance intracortical brain- computer interface (iBCI) that decodes arm movement intentions directly from brain activity. This technology has allowed people with SSMI to control a computer cursor with sufficient speed and accuracy to type at up to 8 words/min and has enabled full control of unmodified consumer devices using only decoded motor cortical activity. In the proposed U01 clinical research, we will take an important next step for the field: investigating neural ensemble encoding during complex tasks that only people are capable of performing (i.e., moving arbitrary combinations of limbs and body parts, and handwriting). This work will build upon decades of experience in studying the motor system in humans and non-human primates, with the end goal of advancing iBCI technology, and will be performed as part of the multi-site BrainGate consortium. We propose to study in detail, at 'coarse' and 'fine' scales, how the Precentral Gyrus (PCG; “motor cortex”) generates complex movements. We will base our investigations on two new key discoveries from our lab: 1) that a small area of the PCG encodes movements of all 4 limbs in a ‘compositional’ way, allowing differentiation of separate limb and movement encoding dimensions, and 2) that complex, dexterous movements such as handwriting can be accurately decoded from the PCG of people with paralysis. The results of these detailed fundamental neuroscience studies will enable us to then design and demonstrate two entirely new iBCIs: a system for helping restore continuous motion of the entire body in virtual reality (‘Whole-Body iBCI') and a system to substantially increase on-screen text generation speed (‘Handwriting iBCI’). Finally, we will continue to evaluate the safety profile of Utah-array based iBCIs through the ongoing BrainGate2 pilot clinical trial, with particular emphasis on critical neuroethics considerations. Upon completion, this project will advance both the capabilities of iBCIs for restoration of lost function and our understanding of the detailed neural mechanisms of complex movements.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2026	2025	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	5	8/17/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $1,192,902 )
2025	2025	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	5	8/29/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,192,902
2025	2024	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	001	4	9/8/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $1,192,902

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $1,197,415 )
2024	2024	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	003	4	8/12/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,197,415
2024	2023	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	3	11/14/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2024	2023	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	001	3	12/4/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2024	2023	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	002	3	1/24/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $1,197,415

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $1,284,653 )
2023	2023	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	001	3	9/12/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,284,653
2023	2022	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	2	4/5/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $1,284,653

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $1,311,652 )
2022	2022	LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY, THE	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	2	8/24/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,311,652
														Subtotal = $1,311,652

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $1,273,915 )
2021	2021	LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY, THE	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders	000	1	9/21/2021	NEW	$1,273,915
														Subtotal = $1,273,915

Grand Total All Awards = $6,260,537

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Cortical basis of complex motor sequences in humans for neural interfaces

Award Number: U01NS123101

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/22/2021

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/31/2027

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