Optical probe for in situ assessment of pulmonary fibrosis - Project Summary/Abstract
Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI), in collaboration with the Department of Pathology at the Massachusetts
General Hospital (MGH) and the Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at MGH and Beth Israel
Lahey Health (BILH), proposes to develop and evaluate a novel technology for assessing pulmonary fibrosis,
which is a respiratory disease leading to serious breathing problems. This disease consists of the accumulation
of excess fibrous connective tissue within the lungs (this process is called fibrosis), leading to thickening of the
walls of the bronchioles, and thus causes reduced oxygen supply in the blood. As a consequence patients
suffer from perpetual shortness of breath. Pulmonary fibrosis is usually diagnosed during regular doctor office
visits, by listening with the stethoscope, and confirmed with X-rays and CT scanning. However, since
misdiagnosis is common, biopsy is ultimately performed to confirm findings. Unfortunately, large pieces of
tissue are needed to evaluate the presence of fibrosis. Therefore, video assisted thoracoscopic wedge biopsy
(VATS) is used for this purpose. This procedure has multiple side effects, including inflammation, tissue
morbidity, and severe bleeding. Furthermore, since it requires tissue processing and pathologic interpretation,
the procedure becomes expensive, while the results are not immediately available.
PSI's proposed alternative approach to regular VATS wedge resections is to investigate tissue morphology
and mechanical properties in situ by using a minimally invasive needle-type smart optical probe, which
eliminates the need to remove any tissue. Furthermore, the results are immediately available during biopsy.
This technology will be first tested In Phase I in a
Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
rat model to determine
its efficacy for reliable diagnosis. Based on Phase I findings, the technology will be further improved during
Phase II and its efficacy will be further tested in human patients at MGH and BILH. Successful development
and demonstration of the proposed PSI technology will enable reliable improved diagnosis at lower costs while
eliminating side effects associated to the regular biopsy.
