Tuesday, July 1, 2025 7/1/2025

Gene-Environment Interactions in Human Evolution and Complex Traits

Award Number: R35GM143060
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/05/2021
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 05/31/2026

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Gene-Environment Interactions in Human Evolution and Complex Traits - Project Summary Genetic variations, environmental exposures, and their interactions underlie the etiology of all human diseases. While genome-wide association studies have revealed many trait-associated genetic variants and epidemiological studies have pinpointed myriad disease-associated environmental factors, the role of their interactions is much less explored, mainly due to the lack of very large population cohorts, high- quality environmental measures, and efficient tools. This proposal aims to characterize gene- environment interactions (GEI) in both human evolution and complex traits. Genetic and polygenic adaptations to local environments during human evolution have shaped the gene-environment relationship and the genetic architecture of complex traits. Leveraging the growing number of ancient DNA, we will first develop and apply statistical tests to identify genetic and polygenic responses to the Agricultural Revolution. The findings of adaptive genetic variants and polygenic traits will inform our understanding and study of the current epidemics of complex diseases, which are likely results of present-day gene-lifestyle mismatches. Second, to directly identify and quantify GEI in complex traits, we will develop an efficient computational pipeline and perform large-scale interaction analysis across the genome, phenome, and selected high-quality environmental factors in UK Biobank. All summary statistics will be released publicly as a database on a dedicated website to fuel further explorations, such as meta-analysis and testing for replicability across cohorts and ancestries. Third, to assist and guide future GEI studies, we will develop the first bioinformatics tool for phenome-wide interaction study (PheWIS) of target genetic variants and environmental exposures, enabling efficient and unbiased search for environment-modifiable phenotypic effects. Moreover, to alleviate the multiple testing burden in GEI studies with a large number of exposures and clinical outcomes, we will examine if Mendelian randomization analysis coupled with phenome-wide association study (PheWAS-MR) could be an effective way to prioritize potentially causal exposure-outcome relationships, which may increase the statistical power of detecting GEI and assist the downstream search for functional mechanisms. Lastly, as an effort to improve the portability of polygenic score (PGS) across ancestries and subgroups with the same ancestry, we will use simulated and empirical data to test if explicit statistical modeling of GEI could mitigate the problem. Concurrently, we will examine if PGS-environment interaction analysis is an effective approach to identify actionable environmental exposures that attenuate genetic risks. Overall, this proposed research will generate new methods, computational tools, database resources, and novel insights into the general patterns of GEI in human complex traits.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $377,500 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.	310 E CAMPUS RD RM 409	ATHENS	GA	30602	CLARKE	USA	Biomedical Research and Research Training	000	5	6/3/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$377,500
														Subtotal = $377,500

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $377,500 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.	310 E CAMPUS RD RM 409	ATHENS	GA	30602	CLARKE	USA	Biomedical Research and Research Training	000	4	4/30/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$377,500
														Subtotal = $377,500

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $388,523 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.	310 EAST CAMPUS RD TUCKER HALL ROOM 409	ATHENS	GA	30602	CLARKE	USA	Biomedical Research and Research Training	000	3	5/15/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$377,500
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.	310 EAST CAMPUS RD TUCKER HALL ROOM 409	ATHENS	GA	30602	CLARKE	USA	Biomedical Research and Research Training	001	2	5/22/2023	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$11,023
														Subtotal = $388,523

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $377,500 )
2022	2022	UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.	310 EAST CAMPUS RD TUCKER HALL ROOM 409	ATHENS	GA	30602	CLARKE	USA	Biomedical Research and Research Training	000	2	5/13/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$377,500
														Subtotal = $377,500

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $377,500 )
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.	310 EAST CAMPUS RD TUCKER HALL ROOM 409	ATHENS	GA	30602	CLARKE	USA	Biomedical Research and Research Training	000	1	7/30/2021	NEW	$377,500
														Subtotal = $377,500

Grand Total All Awards = $1,898,523

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Gene-Environment Interactions in Human Evolution and Complex Traits

Award Number: R35GM143060

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/05/2021

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 05/31/2026

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