Abstract
Nearly 30% of children with cerebral palsy (CP) will have severe CP and will be unable to
functionally walk or self-propel a manual wheelchair. For these children, a powered wheelchair
(PWC) provides their only option for functional mobility and independence. PWCs have been
shown to provide functional, independent mobility for children who are unable to functionally
walk or self-propel a manual wheelchair. Despite these known benefits, PWC use is often
restricted to a small percentage of children who can quickly demonstrate proficient PWC skills
within a single 30-minute PWC trial using a generic PWC that may or may not meet their custom
safety and seating needs. The IndieTrainer System, developed in our Phase II National
Institutes of Health Small Business Innovation Research (NIH SBIR) grant, is comprised of a
mobility device that temporarily converts a manual wheelchair into a PWC, and a range of
simple video-based gamified training modules, each specifically designed to facilitate PWC
training. By temporarily converting a child’s manual wheelchair into a PWC, children remain in
their own manual wheelchair and use their own custom seating system while driving. Our pilot
work with the IndieTrainer System indicates that PWC skills training provided via the
IndieTrainer System may be a powerful tool to support children in learning PWC skills while
safely seated in their own customized manual wheelchair. In this project, we will conduct a 2-
arm, parallel group, single blinded, pre-test-post-test randomized controlled trial to test our
central hypothesis that an 8-week evidence-based PWC skills training intervention using the
IndieTrainer System will produce greater improvements in children’s PWC skills capacity
immediately after the 8-week intervention and at an 8-week follow-up assessment as compared
to the waitlist control group. Aim 1. Quantify and compare PWC skills capacity outcomes at
post-intervention and follow-up. Aim 2. Quantify and compare parental/caregiver perceptions of
change in their children’s PWC capacity from pre- to post-intervention. Aim 3. Quantify and
compare children’s perceptions of change in their PWC skills capacity from pre- to post-
intervention.