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Same-Day Antiretroviral Therapy as a Behavioral Design Intervention to Reduce Stigma in Key Affected Populations

Award Number: R01TW013180
ORGANIZATION: FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/01/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 03/31/2029

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Same-Day Antiretroviral Therapy as a Behavioral Design Intervention to Reduce Stigma in Key Affected Populations - Peru's HIV epidemic is concentrated in MSM, where high rates of stigma and discriminaton toward them have undermined treatment outcomes. Despite high diagnostic and linkage rates, MSM have low levels of ART initiation and viral suppression related to low retention in care. For MSM with HIV, multi-dimensional stigma related to sexual orientation, substance use disorders, sex work, multiple sexual partners, etc. undermine treatment efforts through numerous clinical interactions that have the potential to reinforce stigma and delay ART initiation. This grant proposes a transformative approach to reduce HIV-related stigma through a Behavioral Design Intervention (BDI) that utilizes same-day ART (SD-ART) protocols to streamline the treatment initiation process. Unlike other stigma-reduction interventions, BDIs operate at the organizational level, rather than at the clinician or patient level. Our strategy builds upon robust evidence that rapid-start ART (RS-ART) significantly increases ART initiation, retention and viral suppression, thus improving individual and public health. To address the entrenched stigma and operational barriers that persist in treatment initiation, this research will deploy innovative methodologies and technologies. We will first develop a tailored SD-ART protocol utilizing asynchronous online focus groups and flowcharting techniques to map the current ART initiation process and design a streamlined SD-ART protocol. This protocol will use choice architecture to streamline the ART initiation process by minimizing clinical interactions that can reinforce stigma. Using nominal group techniques (NGT), a mixed methods strategy, we will assess multi-level barriers and facilitators to SD-ART from the perspectives of patients (MSM), clinicians, and administrators. From this process, scripts for framing and nudging will be created to inform refinements to the SD-ART protocol to ensure it addresses the specific needs of MSM and thereby enhancing its effectiveness and acceptability. The SD-ART protocol tailored to MSM using behavioral design will be pilot-tested with 125 newly diagnosed MSM. This phase will include longitudinal dyadic analyses to measure changes in stigma, physician trust, social support, and psychological well-being. These insights will not only assess the protocol's impact but also guide further improvements, paving the way for a future implementation trial. Our approach is distinctively designed to reduce the stigma experienced by MSM in clinical settings. By restructuring the decision-making process to prioritize clinical indicators over subjective assessments, our intervention aims to foster a more supportive and non-discriminatory healthcare environment. We hypothesize that this will decrease both perceived and enacted stigma, thereby improving patient-level health outcomes while reducing negative stereotypes by clinicians as MSM succeed in their treatment. By integrating behavioral design into the ART initiation trajectory, this project represents a novel approach to addressing the complex challenges of HIV treatment in high-stigma contexts, offering significant potential for replication and scalability elsewhere.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $217,539 )
2026	2026	YALE UNIV	150 MUNSON ST	NEW HAVEN	CT	06511	SOUTH CENTRAL CT	USA	International Research and Research Training	001	1	2/19/2026	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$56,500
2026	2026	YALE UNIV	150 MUNSON ST	NEW HAVEN	CT	06511	SOUTH CENTRAL CT	USA	International Research and Research Training	002	1	3/10/2026	NEW	$0
2026	2026	YALE UNIV	150 MUNSON ST	NEW HAVEN	CT	06511	SOUTH CENTRAL CT	USA	International Research and Research Training	000	1	2/13/2026	NEW	$161,039
														Subtotal = $217,539

Grand Total All Awards = $217,539

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Same-Day Antiretroviral Therapy as a Behavioral Design Intervention to Reduce Stigma in Key Affected Populations

Award Number: R01TW013180

ORGANIZATION: FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/01/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 03/31/2029

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