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NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS OF DISTRACTOR EXCLUSION

Award Number: R01MH064119
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/17/2001
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2005

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NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS OF DISTRACTOR EXCLUSION - DECRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Visual selective attention is a crucial means of compensating for our limited ability to process multiple stimuli at one time. Observers can bias their perception of the visual world, selecting certain elements of a scene for full analysis while leaving others aside. While significant progress has been made in describing the spatial and temporal parameters of this ability (i.e. when and where spatial selection is possible), there has been less progress in understanding exactly how spatial selection is accomplished. The broad goal of this proposal is to provide insight into the specific mechanisms that mediate the changes in visual processing that are observed during visual selection. The proposed research investigates a previously undiscovered component of attentional control that causes increased levels of distractor exclusion when interference from distractors is likely. Previous research has shown that when stimulus displays contain high levels of visual noise, then spatial selection effects are enlarged. The key insight in this proposal is that some of these increases in selection efficiency are a result of changes in top-down attentional control, rather than being entirely display-driven. The present research is designed to understand the cognitive and neural basis of this mechanism of endogenous distractor exclusion. In addition, our work will address the overall architecture of attentional control, by comparing the behavioral and neural signatures of two forms of attentional control: the endogenous suppression of visual noise, and the top-down suppression of response conflict. By enhancing our understanding of top-down selection in visuospatial and response-mapping paradigms, the proposed research will contribute towards the ultimate goal of creating a unified model of executive processing.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2004 ( Subtotal = $109,314 )
2004	2004	UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	5219 UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	EUGENE	OR	97403	LANE	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	4	6/30/2004	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$109,314
														Subtotal = $109,314

Issue Date FY: 2003 ( Subtotal = $182,471 )
2003	2003	UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	5215 UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	EUGENE	OR	97403	LANE	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	3	7/3/2003	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$182,471
														Subtotal = $182,471

Issue Date FY: 2002 ( Subtotal = $182,703 )
2002	2002	UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	5215 UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	EUGENE	OR	97403	LANE	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	2	8/4/2002	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$182,703
														Subtotal = $182,703

Issue Date FY: 2001 ( Subtotal = $215,810 )
2001	2001	UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	5215 UNIVERSITY OF OREGON	EUGENE	OR	97403	LANE	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	9/17/2001	NEW	$215,810
														Subtotal = $215,810

Grand Total All Awards = $690,298

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NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS OF DISTRACTOR EXCLUSION

Award Number: R01MH064119

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/17/2001

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2005

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