Abstract
One of the most significant problems in the field of HIV deals with addressing the low rates of HIV care
among individuals living with HIV/AIDS, especially among Black/African American and Latinx communities.
This application seeks to study a novel way to address that problem by adopting and applying a cutting-edge
“big data outreach” approach being used to increase consumer engagement by top technologies companies.
This approach has recently been replacing other digital outreach methods largely for privacy reasons-- to
conform to stringent European Union privacy laws-- as it involves de-identified data.
The digital outreach method being proposed is already being applied in health (but not yet HIV) settings.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, our team and others (including the CDC) studied and found success applying
these methods for targeted digital recruitment and outreach to those at high-risk for COVID-19. As a result of
the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on use of digital/remote tools, these approaches will soon be applied to
HIV to assist in targeting and engaging hard-to reach individuals in HIV research and care.
Importantly, the proposed methods allow access to large-scale passively-collected, opt-in, community and
mobility (GPS pings) data, which have been shown to add rich and granular data to improve health
surveillance and interventions. This application seeks to use these novel digital outreach methods to identify
and enroll individuals living with HIV/AIDS from communities of color who are at high-risk for being out of care,
and analyze their mobility and community data to identify the key geographic contexts that impact HIV care
engagement. We are conducting this effort for, and in partnership with, 2 Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE)
jurisdictions (Washington D.C. and Orange County health departments) and key participant stakeholders to
gain their insights on needs, implementation (including ethical concerns), and potential future scale-up of this
approach to improve surveillance and intervention efforts. Specifically, we seek to 1) Identify individuals of
color living with HIV/AIDS within EHE regions who are at high-risk for being out of care, 2) Using GPS mobility,
community (e.g., local crime), and HIV care data, identify the key geographic contexts that impact HIV care
engagement, and 3) In partnership with the Washington D.C. and Orange County health departments, explore
a case study of the ongoing barriers and facilitators of this approach at the individual, interpersonal, and
structural levels.
This 1-year cohort study will be focused on identifying people living within an EHE region who have been
hard-to-reach for HIV care in order to converge with EHE outcome measures. To our knowledge, this is the
first study to apply these novel “big data outreach” methods to HIV, will enroll the largest cohort to date with
GPS mobility, community, and other HIV care contextual data, and the first HIV study to passively collect
mobility data, which helps to increase data quality and reduce dropout rates compared to previous studies.
