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Elucidating the high and heterogeneous risk of gestational diabetes among Asian Americans: an integrative approach of metabolomics, lifestyles, and social determinants

Award Number: R01MD018459
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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Elucidating the high and heterogeneous risk of gestational diabetes among Asian Americans: an integrative approach of metabolomics, lifestyles, and social determinants - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the most common and growing complications in pregnancy, presents striking racial and ethnic disparities. Asian American women are twice as likely to have GDM as non- Hispanic White women and there is also substantial heterogeneity in GDM rates across Asian subpopulations. The molecular mechanisms and upstream determinants for the high and heterogeneous risk of GDM across Asian subpopulations remain largely understudied since they are under-represented in health research. As one of the fastest-growing racial and ethnic groups in the US, it is crucial to better understand the molecular differences and similarities across Asian subpopulations to help elucidate the pathophysiology underlying their high and heterogeneous risk of GDM. Metabolomics is a powerful tool for comprehensively evaluating global metabolic signatures and understanding biological pathways. However, metabolomics studies among pregnant individuals are still limited and most have no or few Asian Americans. This study aimed to fill the current data and knowledge gaps for GDM disparity research by using a highly cost-efficient design that leverages the existing and unique resources: the California (CA) Alpha-fetoprotein Screening Program (CA-AFSP) and the Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study (PETALS). In the discovery sample from the CA-AFSP program which covers >74% of the pregnant individuals in Southern CA, we propose to perform integrated untargeted and targeted metabolomic profiling using stored serum samples collected in early-mid pregnancy (15-19 gestational weeks) from 1500 individuals of four Asian subpopulations (i.e., 375 each of Chinese, Filipinos, Indian, and Vietnamese). We will identify metabolomic signatures in early-mid pregnancy associated with GDM in the CA-AFSP program and determine which metabolites and pathways overlap across all Asian Americans or distinguish across Asian subpopulations (Aim 1). We will construct an external validation set from the above four Asian subpopulations who participated in the PETALS cohort at Kaiser Permanente Northern CA. The PETALS is a well-characterized cohort with anthropometrics, multi-domain survey data, comprehensive health data from state-of-the-art electronic health records, and serum metabolomics assessed at 16-19 gestational weeks. We will validate GDM- related metabolomic signatures in the PETALS cohort for all Asian Americans and each Asian subpopulation (Aim 2) and examine associations of upstream lifestyles and social determinants of health (SDOHs) with GDM risk and metabolic signatures and whether metabolomic signatures partially mediate the association between upstream lifestyles and SDOHs with GDM risk (Aim 3). As the largest-scale study to date, our integrative approach encompassing metabolomics, lifestyles, and SDOHs provides an unparalleled opportunity to elucidate mechanisms of the drastic racial and ethnic disparities in GDM and to inform precision preventions for the high- risk, heterogeneous Asian subpopulations. Thus, this study has the potential to improve minority health and health equality in our nation.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $646,220 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES	10889 WILSHIRE BLVD STE 700	LOS ANGELES	CA	90024	LOS ANGELES	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	001	3	5/5/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES	10889 WILSHIRE BLVD STE 700	LOS ANGELES	CA	90024	LOS ANGELES	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	3	5/4/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$646,220
														Subtotal = $646,220

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $638,463 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES	10889 WILSHIRE BLVD STE 700	LOS ANGELES	CA	90024	LOS ANGELES	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	001	2	4/30/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$638,463
2024	2023	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES	10920 WILSHIRE BLVD STE 500	LOS ANGELES	CA	90024	LOS ANGELES	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	1	2/12/2024	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $638,463

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $710,209 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES	10889 WILSHIRE BLVD STE 700	LOS ANGELES	CA	90024	LOS ANGELES	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	001	1	9/28/2023	NEW	$0
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES	10889 WILSHIRE BLVD STE 700	LOS ANGELES	CA	90024	LOS ANGELES	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	1	9/24/2023	NEW	$710,209
														Subtotal = $710,209

Grand Total All Awards = $1,994,892

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Elucidating the high and heterogeneous risk of gestational diabetes among Asian Americans: an integrative approach of metabolomics, lifestyles, and social determinants

Award Number: R01MD018459

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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