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Role of neonatal lung macrophages in mediating resilience to hyperoxia induced lung injury via TREM2 signaling

Award Number: R01HL170183
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, & BLOOD INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 06/01/2023
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2028

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Role of neonatal lung macrophages in mediating resilience to hyperoxia induced lung injury via TREM2 signaling - ABSTRACT/PROJECT SUMMARY Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease, is the most common major complication of preterm birth affecting at least one fourth of infants born with a birth weight less than 1500g. Many premature infants with BPD will continue to have persistent respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function into adulthood. These life-long complications of BPD create significant health burden and necessitate extensive health care utilization. Currently, there is no effective prevention or personalized treatment for BPD. Not every premature infant develops BPD, and this individual variability in BPD susceptibility is likely explained by complex interactions between environmental, cellular, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Supplemental oxygen administration, while lifesaving in the neonatal period, remains a key determinant of BPD pathophysiology. Exposure of the immature lung to increased levels of oxygen elicits an inflammatory response resulting in abnormal lung development. However, the lung immune cells, specifically those involved in the innate immune response, and their accompanying gene expression programs that provide protection against BPD are not completely known. The overall objective of this proposal is to identify and characterize specific lung myeloid cells and their gene programs that provide protection to oxygen-induced lung injury. Our hypothesis is that the innate immune response activated in the lung differs between premature infants who develop BPD and those that are resilient to disease. Based on our novel finding that genetic loss of function of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is protective in hyperoxia-induced lung injury, we propose that inhibition of TREM2 signaling may be exploited to modulate the innate immune response to prevent abnormal lung development. In Aim 1 we will employ single cell RNAseq and TREM2-deficient mice to define how TREM2 regulates gene expression and severity of lung injury after neonatal hyperoxia exposure. In Aim 2 we will apply novel approaches using myeloid p53-deficient mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia and interrogate epigenomic modifications using ATACseq and ChIPseq to identify the regulatory mechanisms by which TREM2 directs a pathogenic immune response on a transcriptional level. Lastly, to establish proof-of-principle for the translational potential of therapeutic targeting of TREM2 we will test a TREM2 blocking antibody in vivo and assess recovery from hyperoxia in room air (Aim 3). Further investigations of the conservation of gene regulatory pathways between mice and humans will provide a sound rationale to use these gene pathways to develop targeted therapies. This project will identify unique gene regulatory networks of lung myeloid cells that support a regenerative immune response in the developing lung. These findings will elucidate novel pathways of neonatal lung resilience after hyperoxia, which will inform the development of more targeted management of multifactorial BPD.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $706,985 )
2026	2026	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO	9500 GILMAN DR	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	SAN DIEGO	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	4	3/23/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$706,985
														Subtotal = $706,985

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $778,292 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO	9500 GILMAN DR	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	SAN DIEGO	USA	Lung Diseases Research	001	3	6/4/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$77,828
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO	9500 GILMAN DR	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	SAN DIEGO	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	3	4/22/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$700,464
														Subtotal = $778,292

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $707,022 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO	9500 GILMAN DR	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	SAN DIEGO	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	2	3/2/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$649,306
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO	9500 GILMAN DR	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	SAN DIEGO	USA	Lung Diseases Research	001	2	6/20/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$57,716
														Subtotal = $707,022

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $771,972 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO	9500 GILMAN DRIVE	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	SAN DIEGO	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	1	5/18/2023	NEW	$771,972
														Subtotal = $771,972

Grand Total All Awards = $2,964,271

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Role of neonatal lung macrophages in mediating resilience to hyperoxia induced lung injury via TREM2 signaling

Award Number: R01HL170183

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, & BLOOD INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 06/01/2023

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2028

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