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Robust and Rapid 3D High-Resolution Cranial bone imaging for pediatric patients using MRI

Award Number: R01EB032713
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE Of BIOMEDICAL IMAGING & BIOENGINEERING
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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Project Summary Pediatric patients are more vulnerable to radiation exposure when compared to adults. Each year, 2.2 million pediatric head computed tomography (CT) scans utilizing ionizing radiation are performed in the United States. Head trauma and craniosynostosis are two of the most common pediatric conditions requiring head CT scans. Multiple CT scans are often performed during clinical follow-up, exacerbating the cumulative risk of radiation exposure. Head trauma is common in children, frequently resulting in a skull fracture. Craniosynostosis is a congenital disability defined by a prematurely fused cranial suture. Standard clinical care for pediatric patients with head trauma or craniosynostosis employs 3D high-resolution cranial CT images to identify cranial fractures or cranial suture patency. The National Cancer Institute reported that radiation exposure from multiple head CT scans in children has the potential to triple the risk of leukemia and brain cancer due to radiosensitivity of their bone marrow and brain tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe alternative without ionizing radiation. Existing “black bone” MRI methods rely on a diminished bone signal in a standard gradient echo scan to image the skull. Though these methods have shown encouraging results, they have not translated into clinical practice due to several challenges: motion artifacts, long acquisition time, and subjective manual image processing. Since pediatric patient movement is very common, sedation has been routinely used to minimize motion artifacts in an MR scan. Unfortunately, sedation is associated with risks including developmental delay and cardiopulmonary complications. It takes several minutes to acquire high-resolution MR images, which can be challenging for pediatric subject compliance and limits clinical adoption. Due to poor signal contrast between bone and its surrounding tissues in MR images, existing manual signal intensity-based approaches are challenging and not suitable for clinical translation. Our primary goal is to develop novel MR techniques to provide CT-equivalent 3D high-resolution cranial bone imaging. Four specific aims are proposed: 1) develop motion correction to address head motion in unsedated pediatric patients; 2) develop an MR image reconstruction method regularized by a deep-learning prior to reduce MR acquisition time to 1 minute or below; 3) develop a 3D Bayesian neural network to estimate pseudo-CT (pCT) and uncertainty maps from MRI for robust and automated image post-processing; and 4) determine the clinical utility of pCT in identifying cranial fractures and cranial suture patency. This study will have a profound impact on pediatric health by removing the risks associated with radiation and sedation.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $558,487 )
2024	2024	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, THE	ONE BROOKINGS DR	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	SAINT LOUIS CITY	USA	Discovery and Applied Research for Technological Innovations to Improve Human Health	000	3	11/15/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$558,487
														Subtotal = $558,487

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $627,926 )
2023	2023	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, THE	ONE BROOKINGS DR	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63130	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Discovery and Applied Research for Technological Innovations to Improve Human Health	000	2	12/5/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$565,136
2023	2023	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, THE	ONE BROOKINGS DR	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63130	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Discovery and Applied Research for Technological Innovations to Improve Human Health	001	2	1/24/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$62,790
														Subtotal = $627,926

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $650,898 )
2022	2022	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, THE	ONE BROOKINGS DR	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63130	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Discovery and Applied Research for Technological Innovations to Improve Human Health	000	1	11/26/2021	NEW	$574,323
2022	2022	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, THE	ONE BROOKINGS DR	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63130	SAINT LOUIS	USA	Discovery and Applied Research for Technological Innovations to Improve Human Health	001	1	4/22/2022	NEW	$76,575
														Subtotal = $650,898

Grand Total All Awards = $1,837,311

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Robust and Rapid 3D High-Resolution Cranial bone imaging for pediatric patients using MRI

Award Number: R01EB032713

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE Of BIOMEDICAL IMAGING & BIOENGINEERING

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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