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Prospective relationships between 24h time allocation and health in mothers and their young children

Award Number: R01DK149684
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES & DIGESTIVE & KIDNEY DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/15/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2031

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Prospective relationships between 24h time allocation and health in mothers and their young children - ABSTRACT Most American children and adults do not meet guidelines and recommendations focusing on the quantity and quality of food intake, physical activity, and sleep. These challenges in uptake and adherence underscore the need for new approaches. This observational study seeks to inform the development and testing of maternal- child time prescriptions. We focus on mother-child dyads to capture the effect of time among interdependent dyads, while controlling for kinship and breastfeeding history. Our accelerated sequential cohort design will capture mother-child time allocation in the first two years of life. Mother-child dyads (n=500) will be recruited in cohorts at 6mo (n=250) and 12mo (n=250) postpartum. Anthropometric measurements, continuous glucose monitoring (mothers), ecological momentary assessment, accelerometry, dietary recalls, daily logs, surveys, and interviews will be conducted at enrollment, 6 and 12mo follow-up. Aim 1: Test the direct and interactive effects of behavior composition and timing on mothers’ weight and glycemic variability and children’s weight, across timepoints (repeated measure models). H1a Controlling for diet and relevant covariates, specific combinations of behavior composition (e.g.,  physical activity,  sedentary behavior, and  sleep), and behavior timing (e.g., daytime eating and nighttime sleep) will be independently associated with mother and child outcomes. H1b The time of day when eating/feeding, activity and sleep take place will moderate the relationships between behavior composition and health outcomes. For example, the same proportion of time allocated to sleep (8 hours or 33% of the day) will be associated with different health outcomes based on sleep timing. Aim 2: Test mutual influence in children and mothers 24-h behavior composition and timing using dyadic modelling accounting for interdependence. Within and across timepoints, we will test how child behavior composition and timing predict mother behavior composition and timing and vice versa (mother composition/timing  child composition/timing). H2 Controlling for individual and household characteristics, child 24-h behavior composition and timing will independently predict mother’s composition/timing (and vice versa). We further expect reciprocal effects such as developmentally “optimal” child composition/timing (eat every 3 hours; day and night sleep) predicting ‘suboptimal’ mother composition/timing ( ; and (sub)optimal mother composition/timing predicts (sub) optimal child composition/timing. Aim 3: Identify multilevel predictors of mother and child composition and timing trajectories using a convergent mixed methods approach. Quantitative analyses will test how multilevel factors predict mother-child stability and/or change in behavior composition and timing over time. Qualitative interviews will capture mothers’ experience of drivers of change/stability in behavior composition and timing. H3 Time-variant factors, such as developmental stages or changes in childcare/work will lead to changes in composition and timing across assessment timepoints. Time-invariant factors, such as enduring socioeconomic status or “chronotype”, will predict enduring differences in composition and timing across strata. sleep, late eating timing


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $913,737 )
2026	2026	CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER	8700 BEVERLY BLVD	WEST HOLLYWOOD	CA	90048	LOS ANGELES	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	1	9/4/2026	NEW	$913,737
														Subtotal = $913,737

Grand Total All Awards = $913,737

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Prospective relationships between 24h time allocation and health in mothers and their young children

Award Number: R01DK149684

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES & DIGESTIVE & KIDNEY DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/15/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2031

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