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COMPLETE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 1918 INFLUENZA VIRUS

Award Number: R01AI050619
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: HEALTH SERVICES
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 01/10/2002
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 12/31/2006

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COMPLETE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 1918 INFLUENZA VIRUS - DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The 'Spanish' influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 was the worst influenza pandemic in history, killing 40 million people worldwide in about one year. The agent responsible was not isolated in 1918. Pandemic influenza viruses have emerged twice since 1918, in 1957 and 1968. Future influenza pandemics will undoubtedly arise. An understanding of the genetic make-up of the most virulent influenza strain in history will facilitate prevention of such future pandemics. Using archival autopsy material from the 1918 pandemic, small fragments of influenza virus RNA can be isolated and sequenced. Assembling overlapping fragments, the complete genomic sequence of each gene of the 1918 strain can be deduced. In preliminary work, the hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, matrix, and non-structural gene segments have been sequenced. This application proposes to extend these findings by sequencing the remaining four gene segments: nucleoprotein and the three polymerase genes, PA, PB1, and PB2. Complete characterization of the viral genome is likely to yield insights into the origin and lethality of the 1918 virus, and is essential for an understanding of the molecular basis of the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses. Hypotheses on the virulence of the 1918 virus can only be tested once the complete genomic sequence of the virus is known. The second goal of the proposal is to place the 1918 virus in context by performing an initial characterization of the viruses that preceded and followed it. By identifying pre-1918 influenza viruses it can be determined which gene segments were replaced in the pandemic strain. The 1918 pandemic occurred in waves, with the first wave being significantly less virulent than the second. Identification of a spring wave ease would allow direct genetic comparison of the two strains and any differences would help elucidate the genetic basis of virulence of the fall wave strain. Further, by identifying influenza RNA positive cases from the post-pandemic period, 1920-1940, a comparison of the drift rate of early HINI viruses with modern ones can be made and it can be ascertained whether the unusual features of the extant 1930's influenza viruses were artifacts of culture or primary features of these viruses.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2006 ( Subtotal = $191,736 )
2006	2006	AMERICAN REGISTRY OF PATHOLOGY	14TH ST & ALASKA AVE NW #54	WASHINGTON	DC	20306	DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	5	12/22/2005	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$191,736
														Subtotal = $191,736

Issue Date FY: 2005 ( Subtotal = $196,350 )
2005	2005	AMERICAN REGISTRY OF PATHOLOGY	14TH ST & ALASKA AVE NW #54	WASHINGTON	DC	20306	DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA	USA	Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research	000	4	12/28/2004	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$196,350
														Subtotal = $196,350

Issue Date FY: 2004 ( Subtotal = $196,350 )
2004	2004	AMERICAN REGISTRY OF PATHOLOGY	14TH ST & ALASKA AVE NW #54	WASHINGTON	DC	20306	DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA	USA	Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research	000	3	12/19/2003	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$196,350
														Subtotal = $196,350

Issue Date FY: 2003 ( Subtotal = $196,350 )
2003	2003	AMERICAN REGISTRY OF PATHOLOGY	14TH ST & ALASKA AVE NW #54	WASHINGTON	DC	20306	DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA	USA	Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2		NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$196,350
														Subtotal = $196,350

Issue Date FY: 2002 ( Subtotal = $196,350 )
2002	2002	AMERICAN REGISTRY OF PATHOLOGY	14TH ST & ALASKA AVE NW #54	WASHINGTON	DC	20306	DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA	USA	Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	1/7/2002	NEW	$196,350
														Subtotal = $196,350

Grand Total All Awards = $977,136

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COMPLETE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 1918 INFLUENZA VIRUS

Award Number: R01AI050619

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: HEALTH SERVICES

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 01/10/2002

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 12/31/2006

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