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Epithelial Immune Responses During Respiratory Viral Exacerbation of Asthma

Award Number: U19AI175089
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/25/2023
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 03/31/2028

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Epithelial Immune Responses During Respiratory Viral Exacerbation of Asthma - Summary Lower respiratory tract viral infections serve as the dominant trigger for the onset and progression of asthma. Although asthma management has shifted towards targeting airway inflammation at all levels of the disease, primarily with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and biologic therapies targeting type-2 (T2) inflammation, there is a substantial burden of disease that is not responsive to these therapies. Specifically, a substantial portion of individuals treated with ICS therapy have persistent T2 inflammation in their lower airways and a large and growing portion of individuals with asthma have inflammation of the airways that is not T2 predominant (non- T2). These related phenomena of persistent T2 (T2-high) and non-T2 inflammation in asthma are emerging as the most common phenotypes in adults, and now make up a substantial portion of children with the disease. The mechanisms responsible for persistent T2 and non-T2 inflammation are incompletely understood, but there is strong evidence that the epithelium and epithelial-derived cytokines play a major role in the immunology of asthma, and we have recently demonstrated that the epithelium is infiltrated with specific innate immune cells that interact with the epithelium to propagate and regulate inflammation. Our central hypothesis is that the airway epithelium serves as a central coordinator of the immune response to viral respiratory tract infection in asthma. Further, airway epithelial cells (AECs) from T2-high and non-T2 individuals differentially interact with immune cells to support inflammation in a manner that can be identified and targeted. We have an established program to isolate AECs from children and adults to examine the function of these cells in asthma using a combination of organotypic cell culture models, often in combination with immune cells. The primary goals of the Seattle Center are to identify primary alterations in AECs in asthma, understand how AECs differ between T2-high and non-T2 individuals, and characterize interactions between the epithelium and immune cells that are in close proximity. In Project 1, we examine the underpinnings of persistent T2 inflammation mediated through mast cells and eosinophils acting in conjunction with the epithelium and the components of this inflammation that are resistant to corticosteroids. In Project 2, we examine the basis of interactions between the epithelium and macrophages, Th17 cells, and neutrophils and how epithelial cells from each of the groups support inflammation through these cells. These projects are supported by Pediatric and Adult Epithelial Cores (Core B) to isolate AECs from well phenotyped adults and children and further examine connections between phenotype, genomics, genotype, and clinical outcome. The studies are supported by an Advanced Bioinformatics Core (Core C) using state of the art single cell and bulk RNA sequencing. These studies will facilitate the precise targeting of inflammation based on clinical phenotype and epithelial endotype and a greater understanding of the basis of interactions between the epithelium and immune cells that reside within the epithelium in asthma.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $1,487,760 )
2026	2026	UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON	4333 BROOKLYN AVE NE	SEATTLE	WA	98195	KING	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	4	4/20/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,487,760
														Subtotal = $1,487,760

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $1,517,172 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON	4333 BROOKLYN AVE NE	SEATTLE	WA	98195	KING	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	3	5/2/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,517,172
2025	2024	UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON	4333 BROOKLYN AVE NE	SEATTLE	WA	98195	KING	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	3/14/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $1,517,172

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $1,615,395 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON	4333 BROOKLYN AVE NE	SEATTLE	WA	98195	KING	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	3/19/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,615,395
														Subtotal = $1,615,395

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $1,684,762 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON	4333 BROOKLYN AVE NE	SEATTLE	WA	98195	KING	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	4/25/2023	NEW	$1,684,762
														Subtotal = $1,684,762

Grand Total All Awards = $6,305,089

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Epithelial Immune Responses During Respiratory Viral Exacerbation of Asthma

Award Number: U19AI175089

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/25/2023

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 03/31/2028

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