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Development of a low dose clinical lung screening prototype for early detection of COPD and lung cancer using a novel x-ray source to enable Talbot-Lau interferometry

Award Number: R44HL154950
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, & BLOOD INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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Development of a low dose clinical lung screening prototype for early detection of COPD and lung cancer using a novel x-ray source to enable Talbot-Lau interferometry - Project Summary/Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are the third and sixth most common causes of death worldwide. One major challenge is that there are no effective screening methods capable of early detection of these diseases and when these diseases are finally detected, they are often at advanced stages for which few effective treatment strategies exist. In the case of lung cancer, more than half of people die within the year of diagnosis. Darkfield (scattering-based) x-ray contrast has been recently demonstrated to provide exciting capabilities for early detection of lung pathologies, including cancer and COPD at doses comparable to conventional chest radiography. This contrast mechanism differs significantly from current approaches, which use the absorption of x-rays for contrast rather than the scattering of x-rays. Accessing information provided by this contrast mechanism requires an emerging grating-based x-ray technique called Talbot-Lau interferometry, which uses three sets of gratings (source, phase, and detector) to achieve contrast. However, a critical bottleneck for using this technique at the high x-ray energies (~60 keV) required for imaging through a human chest is a source grating with the aspect ratios required cannot be fabricated. We propose to develop a lung darkfield imaging prototype using a major x-ray source innovation that removes the need for the x-ray source grating to enable Talbot-Lau interferometry at high x-ray energies. The system will critically enable demonstrations of the clinical potential of darkfield radiography for early detection of lung pathologies. The proposed Phase I 6-month project is a proof-of-principle of a grating-less Talbot-Lau breadboard set-up on a phantom. The proposed Phase II 24-month project is to develop a complete prototype system and experimentally verify its performance.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2024	2022	SIGRAY, INC.	5750 IMHOFF DR	CONCORD	CA	94520	CONTRA COSTA	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	3	1/19/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $815,604 )
2022	2022	SIGRAY, INC.	5750 IMHOFF DR STE I	CONCORD	CA	94520	CONTRA COSTA	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	3	6/15/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$815,604
														Subtotal = $815,604

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $840,685 )
2021	2021	SIGRAY, INC.	5750 IMHOFF DR STE I	CONCORD	CA	94520	CONTRA COSTA	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	2	5/31/2021	EXTENSION WITH OR WITHOUT FUNDS	$840,685
2021	2020	SIGRAY, INC.	5750 IMHOFF DR STE I	CONCORD	CA	94520	CONTRA COSTA	USA	Lung Diseases Research	001	1	6/30/2021	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $840,685

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $246,220 )
2020	2020	SIGRAY, INC.	5750 IMHOFF DR STE I	CONCORD	CA	94520	CONTRA COSTA	USA	Lung Diseases Research	000	1	8/24/2020	NEW	$246,220
														Subtotal = $246,220

Grand Total All Awards = $1,902,509

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Development of a low dose clinical lung screening prototype for early detection of COPD and lung cancer using a novel x-ray source to enable Talbot-Lau interferometry

Award Number: R44HL154950

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, & BLOOD INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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