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Targeted Depalmitoylation for the Treatment of NRas-Driven Melanoma

Award Number: R43CA250702
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 03/15/2022
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2023

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Targeted Depalmitoylation for the Treatment of NRas-Driven Melanoma - PROJECT SUMMARY This application is being submitted in response to the Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) identified as NOT-CA-20-012. Significance: Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and represents a growing economic burden and health concern in the U.S. While early-stage melanoma can often be treated surgically, therapies for advanced forms of the disease are severely lacking. As rates of melanoma continue to rise, it is imperative that we develop novel and effective treatments for this disease. The most aggressive form of melanoma results from a mutation in the small GTPase NRas and presents in 20% of patients. While NRas is an attractive therapeutic target in melanoma, it has proven notoriously difficult to drug due to the lack of suitable binding pockets on its surface. This limitation has prevented the development of NRas-targeted therapies. Objective: To address the unmet need for NRas- targeted drugs, we will target a previously overlooked region of NRas, the S-palmitoylation of its C-terminal hypervariable region. Numerous studies have confirmed that NRas palmitoylation is required for its cancer signaling activity. To exploit this feature of NRas, we have developed a novel class of Depalmitoylating Molecules (DPALMs) which chemoselectively cleave S-palmitoyl groups from proteins in live cells. Preliminary Data: We have identified a set of DPALM lead compounds which preferentially depalmitoylate NRas in living cells. Furthermore, we found that DPALMs can inhibit downstream Ras signaling pathways and preferentially kill NRas-mutant versus non-NRas-mutant cell lines, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Specific Aims: We will optimize the potency and selectivity of our lead compounds to generate a DPALM suitable for preclinical testing and IND enabling studies. In SPECIFIC AIM 1, we will generate a set of optimized DPALMs using joint synthesis and screening efforts. A modular and robust synthetic strategy will be used to generate new compounds which will then be screened for NRas depalmitoylation activity and selectivity in a validated assay. In SPECIFIC AIM 2, we will evaluate the efficacy of optimized DPALMs in NRas-driven melanoma cell lines. Compounds will be tested for their ability to preferentially inhibit growth and induce cell death in NRas-driven versus control cell lines. In SPECIFIC AIM 3, we will evaluate the in vivo toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of the newly optimized DPALM-45. The proposed studies will enable the development of a highly NRas-selective DPALM and accelerate the commercialization of this targeted therapy for the treatment of melanoma and several other cancers with high rates of NRas-mutations.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = -$97,798 )
2024	2022	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	3210 MERRYFIELD ROW	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	001	1	12/21/2023	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	-$61,500
2024	2021	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	3210 MERRYFIELD ROW	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	000	1	12/21/2023	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	-$36,298
														Subtotal = -$97,798

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $61,500 )
2022	2022	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	3210 MERRYFIELD ROW	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	002	1	8/30/2022	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$0
2022	2022	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	3210 MERRYFIELD ROW	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	000	1	3/21/2022	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$61,500
2022	2020	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	3210 MERRYFIELD ROW	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	001	1	8/30/2022	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $61,500

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $123,722 )
2021	2021	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	8528 VIA MALLORCA UNIT F	LA JOLLA	CA	92037	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	000	1	6/4/2021	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$123,722
2021	2021	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	3210 MERRYFIELD ROW	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	001	1	9/24/2021	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$0
														Subtotal = $123,722

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $399,888 )
2020	2020	PALM THERAPEUTICS, INC.	8528 VIA MALLORCA UNIT F	LA JOLLA	CA	92037	SAN DIEGO	USA	Cancer Treatment Research	000	1	9/21/2020	NEW	$399,888
														Subtotal = $399,888

Grand Total All Awards = $487,312

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Targeted Depalmitoylation for the Treatment of NRas-Driven Melanoma

Award Number: R43CA250702

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 03/15/2022

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2023

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