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Development of FosA Inhibitors to Potentiate Fosfomycin Activity in Gram-Negative Pathogens

Award Number: R41AI172491
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/15/2022
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2024

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Development of FosA Inhibitors to Potentiate Fosfomycin Activity in Gram-Negative Pathogens - Summary. Antimicrobial resistance is widely recognized as one of the most significant public health threats of the century. Many bacterial infections have become difficult to treat due to antimicrobial resistance, and there is an urgent need to develop new strategies to combat these resistant pathogens. One such strategy is to reposition older antibiotics that have long-track records of safety in human. Fosfomycin (FOM) is an etablished antibiotic which inactivates UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase in both Gram-positive and -negative pathogens. Currently, FOM is exclusively used as an oral formulation for the treatment of urinary tract infections given its excellent activity against Escherichia coli. However, an intravenous FOM formulation is used elsewhere, and is currently pending FDA approval in U.S. Furthermore, an ongoing NIAID-sponsored trial (NCT03910673) is exploring whether intravenous FOM can effectively treat lung infections, such as hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. FosA is a dimeric K+- and Mn2+-dependent glutathione S-transferase that catalyzes the nucleophilic addition of glutathione to carbon-1 in the epoxide ring of FOM, rendering the antibiotic inactive. E. coli lacks intrinsic chromosomal fosA, thus explaining its acute susceptibility to FOM. However, fosA homologues are chromosomally encoded by many Gram-negative species including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Our prior research has clearly demonstrated that this intrinsic production of FosA confers FOM resistance, and that inactivation of FosA provides a novel approach to increase the sensitivity of carbepenem resistant Gram-negative pathogens to FOM, thus highlighting a novel pathway to expand the use of FOM to a wide range of Gram-negative species. Importantly, and central to this application, we recently identified and patented a first-in-class, competitive small molecule inhibitor of FosA (ANY1) which potentiates FOM activity against Gram-negative pathogens that harbor the fosA gene. Using insights from the ANY1-FosA X-ray crystal structure, we have designed and prepared an analog that has ~10X greater potency, showing that further SAR development is possible. The aims in this proposal are (1) medicinal chemistry optimization of FosA inhibitors, (2) evaluation and optimization of ADME properties, and (3) biological evaluation against a broad panel of XDR Gram-negative clinical isolates. We anticipate that such a combination could be used to treat invasive infections including bacteremia, pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections and complicated UTIs caused by Gram-negative bacteria that harbor fosA (e.g., K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., P. aeruginosa), including extremely drug resistant strains. In this Phase I proposal, we will identify and evaluate FosA inhibitors based on ANY1 by combining the pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry expertise of the scientists at the Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc. (FCCDC) with the expertise and experience of the Sluis-Cremer lab at the University of Pittsburg in the experimental aspects of FosA inhibition and antibiotic therapy.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2025	2023	FOX CHASE CHEMICAL DIVERSITY CENTER INC.	3805 OLD EASTON RD	DOYLESTOWN	PA	18902	BUCKS	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	2/14/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2024	2023	FOX CHASE CHEMICAL DIVERSITY CENTER INC.	3805 OLD EASTON RD	DOYLESTOWN	PA	18902	BUCKS	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	4/5/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $291,624 )
2023	2023	FOX CHASE CHEMICAL DIVERSITY CENTER INC.	3805 OLD EASTON RD	DOYLESTOWN	PA	18902	BUCKS	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	6/12/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$291,624
														Subtotal = $291,624

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $306,500 )
2022	2022	FOX CHASE CHEMICAL DIVERSITY CENTER INC.	3805 OLD EASTON RD	DOYLESTOWN	PA	18902	BUCKS	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	8/15/2022	NEW	$306,500
														Subtotal = $306,500

Grand Total All Awards = $598,124

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Development of FosA Inhibitors to Potentiate Fosfomycin Activity in Gram-Negative Pathogens

Award Number: R41AI172491

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/15/2022

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2024

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