Thursday, November 21, 2024
11/21/2024
ABSTRACT Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and disability in the United States. Smoking cessation rates have stagnated in recent years, underscoring the need for innovative, accessible methods to support cessation. Emerging neurobiological and behavioral research indicate that the intentional sniffing of olfactory stimuli (OS) can fundamentally alter emotional states and reduce cigarette craving. Yet, no work has evaluated the potential for OS as an adjunctive intervention to facilitate successful smoking cessation. The proposed project aims to refine and test a novel biobehavioral smoking cessation intervention that integrates the strategic application of OS to reduce cigarette craving with an established smartphone-based smoking cessation application. Our previously published work indicated that OS can relieve cigarette craving, and our recent pilot data showed that these effects may hold in the natural environment to help smokers resist smoking. This work provides the rationale for conducting the proposed clinical trial. Still, research is needed to determine the precise methodology for OS administration in the context of a smoking cessation attempt and to preliminarily evaluate the potential of OS when integrated with an established phone-based smoking cessation app before conducting a full-scale R01 smoking cessation trial. Building on our prior work, the current proposal aims to (1) refine the design and methodology for our novel, first-generation olfactory stimulation delivery system (OSDS; Phase I), and (2) determine the adjunctive benefit of the OSDS when integrated with a smartphone-based smoking cessation application (Smart-T; Phase II). This trial integrates theory-driven basic research derived from three disciplines independently related to smoking, but not jointly examined in the context of applied smoking research (olfaction, emotion, and cognition). Phase I will consist of a crossover, micro-randomized controlled trial in which treatment-seeking smokers (N=32) will receive the nicotine patch and engage in a self-guided quit attempt for 14 days. During the 14-day trial, participants will use our OSDS daily and complete daily ecological momentary assessments (EMAs). Phase I participants will complete a qualitative interview and quantitative survey at the end of the trial. Phase II will consist of a randomized controlled trial, in which participants (N = 100) will be randomized to our smartphone app for smoking cessation (Smart-T) with nicotine patch or the Smart-T app with nicotine patch and OSDS as an adjunctive feature (Smart-T+O). Participants will complete a baseline assessment, daily EMAs for 13 weeks (1-week pre-quit and 12-week post-quit), and a follow-up assessment at 12 weeks post-quit via the app. The proposed project will provide vital data to refine a protocol for assessing a phone-based cigarette smoking intervention that integrates an OS approach to craving relief. Accordingly, it will provide the data needed to successfully conduct a full-scale clinical trial evaluating this novel approach to smoking cessation. Irrespective of the outcome, the proposed research will advance knowledge regarding the integration of OS-based craving relief with a mobile health approach to smoking cessation.
HHS’ Tracking Accountability in Government Grants System (TAGGS) website provides access to detailed descriptions of grants, loans, aggregated direct payments and other types of financial assistance awarded by the HHS Operating Divisions (OPDIVs) and the Office of the Secretary Staff Divisions (STAFFDIVs).
