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Leveraging COVID-19 Insights to Develop Novel Behavior-Informed Multi-Task Machine Learning Frameworks for Targeted Public Health Interventions in Rural America

Award Number: R21MD020187
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/16/2024
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 10/31/2026

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Leveraging COVID-19 Insights to Develop Novel Behavior-Informed Multi-Task Machine Learning Frameworks for Targeted Public Health Interventions in Rural America - The Sars-CoV-2 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges in many areas of healthcare. One important area was accurately forecasting the need for resources such as testing, vaccinations, and other critical resources that are linked to hospital care. In rural areas, these issues become even more complex due to increased isolation, health disparities, and social determinants of health. Rural residents have different social and economic profiles and face different environmental factors than their urban counterparts. The data collected during the RADx-Up project provides a unique opportunity to leverage the Common Data Elements (CDE) to inform and develop the next generation of predictive modeling techniques. West Virginia (WV), which hosted two unique and highly successful community-based testing, RADx-Up testing projects, provides a novel testing ground for this development. Furthermore, our RadX study has unique access to secondary data sources that supplement the two West Virginia RadX studies, providing the ability to leverage further the RadX Common Data Elements to develop the next generation of forecasting tools that will be necessary during events like the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic. This study utilizes statewide Sars-CoV-2 testing, vaccination, hospitalization data, and RadX data from two state-wide West Virginia projects to develop novel behavior-informed multi- task machine learning frameworks to predict localities for targeted public health interventions. In the first aim, we utilize the results of the RadX survey data in West Virginia in the context of the various waves of the pandemic. This will provide insights into behavior changes in how individuals in various communities sought testing and how it impacted other resources such as vaccinations. We also view this in the context of the disease severity with access to full-state testing data and hospitalizations associated with those communities. This will create a behavioral profile to understand how these behaviors changed over various waves of the pandemic. In the second aim, we develop novel machine learning frameworks that allow public health officials and practitioners to include and exploit these insights to create better-targeted public health interventions. This requires developing new computational and graph-constrained multi-task machine-learning paradigms that leverage the relationship between outcomes such as incidence, testing utilization, vaccine uptake, and hospitalization while also considering the relationships between locations. These methods will generalize beyond Sars-Cov-2 to other emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and apply broadly to other public health crises.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2026	2025	WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CORPORATION	886 CHESTNUT RIDGE ROAD	MORGANTOWN	WV	26505	MONONGALIA	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	2	3/10/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $190,000 )
2025	2025	WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CORPORATION	886 CHESTNUT RIDGE ROAD	MORGANTOWN	WV	26505	MONONGALIA	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	2	4/30/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$190,000
														Subtotal = $190,000

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $228,000 )
2024	2024	WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CORPORATION	886 CHESTNUT RIDGE ROAD	MORGANTOWN	WV	26505	MONONGALIA	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	001	1	9/26/2024	NEW	$0
2024	2024	WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CORPORATION	886 CHESTNUT RIDGE ROAD	MORGANTOWN	WV	26505	MONONGALIA	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	1	9/16/2024	NEW	$228,000
														Subtotal = $228,000

Grand Total All Awards = $418,000

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Leveraging COVID-19 Insights to Develop Novel Behavior-Informed Multi-Task Machine Learning Frameworks for Targeted Public Health Interventions in Rural America

Award Number: R21MD020187

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/16/2024

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 10/31/2026

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