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Resubmission - Test of a Training Program That Uses Virtual-Reality Technology to Improve Children's Pedestrian Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Award Number: R21HD093878
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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Abstract Motor vehicle pedestrian injury is a critical issue for school children. Each year in the US, over 4900 pedestrians are killed and another 207,000 are injured, and about 25% of these pedestrian events involve school-age children. This research focuses on 7-8 year olds, who constitute a high-risk group for pedestrian injury. At these ages children regularly cross streets without supervision and they struggle both with selecting where to cross and determining how to cross. Research has shown, however, that they are capable of benefiting from effective behavioral training in pedestrian behavior. The proposed research addresses the issue of crossing skills deficits and will: (1) implement a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test two alternative training programs to teach 7-8 year-olds where and how to cross streets safely; and (2) conduct an economic analysis to reveal cost:benefit indices for both. Meta-analyses of pedestrian training programs reveal that behavioral training in a traffic environment most reliably produces some degree of improvement in crossing skills. Thus, ‘street-side training’ is often described as the gold standard. Implementation, however, poses many practical problems related to implementation. Our laboratory has addressed this issue by developing a training system that uses a virtual pedestrian environment and extends past VR systems by having children fully cross the street and offering the unique capability of teaching both where and how to cross, with skills in each domain measured separately so exactly what is learned and what component crossing behaviors improved can be precisely determined for each individual child. Children (7-8 years) will be randomized to one of three groups (balanced for sex): street-side training, virtual-reality training, and a no-intervention control, with the same pre- and post- measures taken across groups. Primary analyses will test for changes in indices of where and how to cross, as well as attention to traffic when crossing. An economic analysis of the two programs will reveal their relative cost effectiveness. These results will provide essential knowledge to inform future decisions about ‘best practices’ in child pedestrian injury prevention through behavioral training.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2023	2019	UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH	50 STONE RD E	GUELPH	ON			CAN	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	6/20/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2021	2019	UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH	50 STONE RD E	GUELPH	ON			CAN	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	9/23/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2020	2019	UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH	50 STONE RD E	GUELPH	ON	N1G 2W1		CAN	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	8/18/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $139,779 )
2019	2019	UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH	50 STONE RD E	GUELPH	ON	N1G 2W1		CAN	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	9/10/2019	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$139,779
														Subtotal = $139,779

Issue Date FY: 2018 ( Subtotal = $137,444 )
2018	2018	UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH	50 STONE RD E	GUELPH	ON	N1G 2W1		CAN	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	1	9/18/2018	NEW	$137,444
														Subtotal = $137,444

Grand Total All Awards = $277,223

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Resubmission - Test of a Training Program That Uses Virtual-Reality Technology to Improve Children's Pedestrian Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Award Number: R21HD093878

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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