Project Summary/Abstract
Hearing loss is a major public health concern due to its negative association with emotional well-being,
cognition, and physical ailments, such as diabetes. Access to audiologists and otolaryngologists in many
regions across the US is poor or extremely limited. Rural populations are older, less educated, and have lower
household incomes compared to populations in metropolitan areas. Also, with increasing age adults
experience greater rates of hearing loss. Fortunately, the 2022 FDA Final Rule for Over-the-Counter Hearing
Aids (OTC HAs) could revolutionize assess to hearing aids and hearing healthcare by allowing adults with
perceived mild-to-moderate hearing loss to purchase these devices over the counter, without medical
clearance or care from an audiologist. Pharmacies located in rural areas now have the option to provide OTC
HAs, something previously not possible. Currently, however, there are no established guidelines for effective
provision of these devices in pharmacies located in rural communities. Educating pharmacy technicians to
provide basic hearing healthcare related to OTC HAs use could address a critical need and create a new care
delivery model to ensure sustainable, long-term access to hearing healthcare. The long-term goal of this study
is to create a sustainable interprofessional collaborative between audiologists and pharmacists for the
development of a hearing healthcare model that improves access and affordability of care in rural regions
across the country. The specific aims are to 1) Determine an effective approach for educating pharmacy
technicians for the provision of OTC HAs in rural community pharmacies, and 2) Identify satisfaction of care
provided by pharmacy technicians and initial performance with OTC HAs in adults with hearing loss living in
rural communities. A stepped wedged clinical trial design will be used to study the effectiveness of a
comprehensive educational training program for pharmacy technicians. Technicians from rural Alabama and
Mississippi, placed within four different clusters, will participate in a multimodal training program for the
purpose of developing basic clinical skills to assist adults with perceived mild-to-moderate hearing loss.
Additionally, adults with hearing loss who receive clinical services from trained pharmacy technicians will be
asked to report on the care they received and benefit from their OTC HAs. The central hypotheses are a) that
pharmacy technician training will result in greater understanding of hearing healthcare concepts compared to
no training, and b) the training will lead to successful provision of basic hearing healthcare to adults with
hearing loss in rural communities. The expected outcome of this project will be the establishment of a
multimodal education program, leveraging the increased access of OTC HAs, to support those with hearing
loss in rural pharmacies across the county. The ability of pharmacy technicians to provide this support will
dramatically increase the availability of hearing services in rural communities, which will positively impact the
quality of life for those with hearing loss.
