Treatment of post-stroke apraxia of speech (AOS) requires frequent and ongoing practice with a speech-
language pathologist to facilitate lasting behavioral change, which is costly and, therefore, inaccessible to many
patients. Thus, there is a critical need to identify novel, cost-effective ways to supplement speech therapy to
increase opportunities for practice and optimize treatment outcomes. Our long-term goal is to develop an
effective, home-practice, computer-based, motor imagery protocol [Motor Imagery for Treatment Enhancement
and Efficacy (MI-TEE)] which will serve as an adjunct to routine speech therapy to optimize treatment response
in persons with AOS. The overall objectives of this application are to (i) evaluate the acceptability and feasibility
of MI-TEE as a home practice program and (ii) determine the efficacy of MI-TEE with speech therapy, compared
to speech therapy alone, in improving speech production in people with AOS. Our central hypothesis is that MI-
TEE will be an accessible, feasible, and efficacious adjunct to speech therapy. To attain our objectives, the
following specific aims will be pursued using two single-subject experimental designs with multiple baselines
across participants (n=18): 1) Evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of MI-TEE as an adjunct to speech therapy
for the rehabilitation of AOS; and 2) Compare the efficacy of adjunctive MI-TEE plus standard speech therapy to
standard speech therapy alone. Under the first aim, observational data, surveys, and semi-structured interviews
will be employed to assess the acceptability (perceived satisfaction, appropriateness, and intent to continue use)
and feasibility (recruitment, retention, and intervention adherence rates) of MI-TEE. For the second aim,
accuracy of articulation for trained words and untrained words (generalization) will be measured pre-treatment,
repeatedly during the treatment phase, and post-treatment. Improvements in speech accuracy will be
documented using a binary scoring system (correct/incorrect). Multilevel analyses will be used to address rate
of acquisition, overall change, and response variation across participants. The proposed research is innovative
because it focuses on establishing a tool for increasing independent practice of target stimuli for people with
AOS in an accessible and inexpensive manner. Until now, outcomes for evidence-based treatments for AOS
have been examined in controlled laboratory or clinical settings. Now that strong evidence exists to support the
benefit of these treatments, it is imperative to optimize outcomes and provide more economical and accessible
practice opportunities. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to serve as the foundation for
a larger clinical trial (R01) implementing MI-TEE to advance treatment response in people with AOS. Specifically,
this line of research will yield an accessible and efficacious tool that will provide additional opportunities for
practice to enhance treatment response and reduce costs associated with frequent in-person speech therapy.
The anticipated outcomes from this line of research address NIDCD’s Priority Areas: (Area 3) to improve
treatment of disorders of human communication and (Area 4) to improve outcomes for human communication.
