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Novel modalities for prostate cancer screening: mast cells as predictors of disease, disease aggressiveness and marks of disease disparity

Award Number: R21CA274021
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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SUMMARY Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men in the United States. The absolute number of men with PCa is projected to increase as a result of the ageing baby boomer population. However, the lack of reliable biomarkers for PCa screening has led to decreased early detection, particularly for African American (AA) men who have the highest PCa morbidity, metastatic risk and mortality rates than any other racial or ethnic group in the US. When cancer is suspected, patients must undergo multiple needle core biopsies because of the multifocal nature of PCa. Nonetheless, up to 34% of biopsied men are told they are cancer-free when they are not, because the biopsies missed the cancer foci. Hence, it is critical to better define the cellular and molecular features indicative of PCa development and risk for aggressive disease in benign biopsies of PCa patients to improve diagnosis and screening. In this grant, we are proposing to explore a variation on the concept of field effect in PCa, postulating that histopathologically benign looking prostate core biopsies may in fact feature alterations indicative of PCa and of PCa aggressiveness present in the same patient at another prostatic site, using age- and race-matched (AA and Caucasian Americans (CA)) sets of samples (benign and cancer-bearing biopsies for each patient). Prostate-resident mast cells (MC) aggregate in stromal, peritumoral and/or intratumoral areas but their clinical relevance remains controversial. Our preliminary data suggests the usefulness of establishing MC profiles in benign prostatic tissues of PCa patients. The objectives of this application are: to investigate MC functional profiles in benign human prostate tissues as predictors of PCa aggressiveness and candidate functional biomarkers of PCa race disparity; to define and validate a molecular signature indicative of PCa and PCa aggressiveness present in benign human prostate biopsies and test its predictive value for PCa disparity and association to MC; and apply our new screening modalities in clinics, contingent upon successful validation studies. We anticipate that our approach may improve diagnosis and screening for high-risk PCa and position MC as potential drivers of PCa disparity.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $165,436 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA	1600 HAMPTON ST	COLUMBIA	SC	29208	RICHLAND	USA	Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Research	000	2	6/3/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$165,436
														Subtotal = $165,436

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $208,973 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA	1600 HAMPTON ST # 414	COLUMBIA	SC	29208	RICHLAND	USA	Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Research	000	1	4/21/2023	NEW	$208,973
														Subtotal = $208,973

Grand Total All Awards = $374,409

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Novel modalities for prostate cancer screening: mast cells as predictors of disease, disease aggressiveness and marks of disease disparity

Award Number: R21CA274021

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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