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Defining the roles of an enhancer long non-coding RNA eIncRNA-ID2 in rickettsial pathogenesis and immunity

Award Number: R21AI146681
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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PROJECT SUMMARY Precise and dynamic alterations in gene expression are critical determinants of the regulation of host immunity to microbial pathogens. Pathogenic rickettsiae in the spotted fever group cause some of the most severe infectious diseases in humans, characterized by microvascular inflammation and dysfunction attributed to disseminated infection of endothelial cells and increased vascular permeability resulting in pulmonary/cerebral edema. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs of ≥ 200 nucleotides regulate a panoply of biological responses through an array of mechanisms and changes in their expression levels are now intricately linked to the determination of innate as well as cell-mediated immune responses. As an important subset of lncRNAs, enhancer lncRNAs implement their regulatory roles by enhancing protein coding genes (PCGs) in a cis- or trans-acting manner. We performed RNA-sequencing on the lungs as one of the predominantly affected target organs of susceptible mice infected with R. conorii to identify up-regulation of 179 lncRNAs. Via follow-up analysis to differentiate enhancer (elnc) from promoter-associated (plnc) RNAs based on the ratio of single- versus tri-methylation of histone 3 at lysine 4 (H3K4Me1:H3K4Me3) and other active enhancer signatures based on POLR2A, p300, DNase I hypersensitivity sites, CTCF, and Hi-3C ChIP-Seq datasets, we further determined significantly higher expression of an active elncRNA013718 and its target PCG Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (ID2) in the mouse lungs, spleen, and CD8+ T-cells during Rickettsia conorii infection. Our preliminary findings further suggest that elncRNA013718 positively regulates the expression of ID2, a protein antagonist of E protein transcription factors and a regulator of T cells in the immune system. Accordingly, we refer to elncRNA013718 as elncRNA- ID2 and hypothesize novel contributory roles for elncRNA-ID2:Id2 interplay in the regulation of protective host immunity during rickettsial infections. We propose to test this hypothesis via two independent yet thematically interlinked specific aims. Aim 1 will distinguish cell type-specific expression and functional roles of elncRNA- ID2 and ID2 in the host lungs and spleen in experimental murine models of R. conorii and R. australis infection. In Aim 2, we will determine the modulatory effects of both global and cell-specific interference with elncRNA- ID2 on host immune responses and disease progression/outcome. Given the complexity of cellular immune responses, we will employ two independent and established in vivo models of infection closely mimicking the pathophysiology of human rickettsioses and cutting-edge approaches of cellular microbiology and immunology to determine the regulatory potential of elncRNA-ID2 as a novel elncRNA in the molecular circuitry underlying regulation of host immunity. The acquired insights will enhance our knowledge of context-specific physiological roles of elncRNA-ID2 in the determination of host responses to pathogenic rickettsiae and reveal potentially unique entry points for novel strategies to enhance host immunity against intracellular microbial infections.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2024	2022	UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON	301 UNIVERSITY BLVD	GALVESTON	TX	77555	GALVESTON	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	11/17/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $197,500 )
2022	2022	UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON	301 UNIVERSITY BLVD	GALVESTON	TX	77555	GALVESTON	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	12/14/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$197,500
														Subtotal = $197,500

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $237,000 )
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON	301 UNIVERSITY BLVD	GALVESTON	TX	77555	GALVESTON	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	1	2/11/2021	NEW	$0
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON	301 UNIVERSITY BLVD	GALVESTON	TX	77555	GALVESTON	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	1/4/2021	NEW	$237,000
														Subtotal = $237,000

Grand Total All Awards = $434,500

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Defining the roles of an enhancer long non-coding RNA eIncRNA-ID2 in rickettsial pathogenesis and immunity

Award Number: R21AI146681

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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