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Regulatory T cell function in predicting Valley fever outcomes

Award Number: R21AI142261
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 03/09/2020
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/31/2023

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Regulatory T cell function in predicting Valley fever outcomes - PROJECT SUMMARY Coccidioidomycosis, known as Valley fever, is caused by the fungal pathogen (Coccidioides) endemic to the San Joaquin Valley in California, Arizona, northern Mexico and arid areas of South America. Incidence in California is on the rise, and there is evidence indicating that the disease can be found in non-endemic regions including Washington State. Population expansion, travel, detection and/or weather changes appear to be contributing to an expanding endemic region. The health impacts of Valley fever infection can range from superficial to lethal. For the 60% of people who are infected, but do not display symptoms of Valley fever, the impact of the disease is likely to be minimal. For the 40% of symptomatic patients, most will display symptoms similar to the flu and the condition will resolve without treatment. Nevertheless, these patients can experience significantly impaired health for a lengthy period of time. For 1% of the patients, Valley fever results in a severe or prolonged clinical illness with dramatic health impacts, including chronic pulmonary nodules or cavities, with the potential for misdiagnosis, and even death. Disease is often misdiagnosed as a bacterial infection, often resulting in several rounds of antibiotic treatments before a correct diagnosis. The health impacts of Valley fever infection thus vary dramatically, and little is known about the biological factors that influence the severity of symptoms and health complications experienced following infection. Although the details are still unclear, cellular immune responses have long been shown to be critical for effective immunity to Coccidioides infection. We recently determined that the inability to resolve Coccidioides infection may be a result of elevated regulatory T cell frequency and functional capacity, and that regulatory T cell frequency may predict patient disease outcome at diagnosis. We propose to: 1) define the phenotype and function of regulatory T cells in Coccidioides infected patients during early disease, and 2) to define a biomarker algorithm that can be used at diagnosis for calibrating treatment aggressiveness for those patients most likely to develop chronic cocciodiomycosis. The successful completion of this project will provide diagnostic tools to identify patients earlier in their disease course for more aggressive treatment and closer monitoring for relapse after treatment, and will better define the immune mechanisms underlying chronic cocciodiomycosis.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = -$22,159 )
2024	2021	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, MERCED	5200 N LAKE RD	MERCED	CA	95343	MERCED	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	5/27/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$22,159
														Subtotal = -$22,159

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2023	2021	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, MERCED	5200 N LAKE RD	MERCED	CA	95343	MERCED	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	2	9/5/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2023	2021	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, MERCED FOUNDATION	5200 N LAKE RD	MERCED	CA	95343	MERCED	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	4/14/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $192,460 )
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, MERCED	5200 N LAKE RD	MERCED	CA	95344	MERCED	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	2/3/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$192,460
														Subtotal = $192,460

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $235,450 )
2020	2020	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, MERCED	5200 N LAKE RD	MERCED	CA	95344	MERCED	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	3/9/2020	NEW	$235,450
														Subtotal = $235,450

Grand Total All Awards = $405,751

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Regulatory T cell function in predicting Valley fever outcomes

Award Number: R21AI142261

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 03/09/2020

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/31/2023

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