Driving Rehabilitation and Innovation for Evaluating Risk in Post-Intensive Care Unit Survivors (DRIVE-PICS) - There are more than 50 million older adults licensed to drive in the United States. Driving is a complex task
requiring cognitive and sensorimotor skills. Survivors of critical illness experience cognitive, psychological
and physical impairments, known as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS), that can last months to years
following critical illness. Across the lifespan, ICU recovery has far-reaching implications for independent
functioning, employment, and healthcare utilization, costing billions annually. Older adults are at risk for ICU-
acquired cognitive decline discernible from clinical, biological, and imaging-related changes in the brain
following delirium and critical illness. Similar to other forms of dementia, the combination of normal aging paired
with cognitive deficits associated with critical illness survivorship places these older adults at high risk of
automobile crashes. To address ICU-acquired cognitive decline, driving assessments to characterize risky
driving behaviors are promising to guide driving rehabilitation and intervention development. Rigorous and
reproducible driving safety assessment programs have demonstrated success in post-stroke and dementia
contexts, established via in-vehicle and virtual modes. We hypothesize that in-vehicle driving assessment
and monitoring is a feasible and acceptable approach to assess and address ICU survivor driving safety.
We seek to implement novel in-vehicle cloud-data collection technology developed by our team. We propose to
pair neurocognitive assessments with in-vehicle kinematic driving data to conduct essential formative work
to develop data-based insights into driving behaviors of older adults with ICU-acquired cognitive declines. We
aim to determine protocol feasibility and acceptability of neurocognitive assessments and in-vehicle sensor
deployment (Aim 1). We will enroll a cohort of older ICU survivors (n=24) with risk factors for ICU-acquired
cognitive impairment to complete neurocognitive measures and participate in driving data collection via in-vehicle
sensors over a 6-month post-hospital discharge period. Next, we will evaluate the relationship between
neurocognitive assessments and driving behavior and safety in older ICU survivors (Aim 2). Lastly, we will
conduct stakeholder advisory panels on the priorities and data presentation needs of driving assessments for
older ICU survivors (Aim 3). The stakeholder advisory panel insights will provide scientific justification and
protocol feasibility to evaluate recruitment, acceptability and attrition for future full-scale implementation. As the
population of older drivers grows, almost doubling in size from 2012 to 2040 there is an immediate and critical
need to address this impactful issue. This work is designed in response to the NIA Strategic Plan (Goal C-1-9
Safety of Older Drivers) to contribute to a critical gap in health promotion to develop an evidence-based, in-
vehicle driving assessment system to provide actionable driving safety data and rehabilitation strategies tailored
to ICU survivors, their care partners and clinicians.
