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The role of defective pro-viruses and viral proteins in NeuroHIV and cure

Award Number: R01MH146681
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/01/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2031

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The role of defective pro-viruses and viral proteins in NeuroHIV and cure - Abstract: HIV reservoirs are present in several tissues, including the bloodstream, lymphoid, and CNS. However, the nature and mechanisms by which these viral reservoirs are generated and maintained under ART are unknown. The recent development of several techniques to detect, quantify, and characterize viral reservoirs in situ has provided a unique tool to examine these reservoirs. Our laboratory has become a major contributor to detecting rare viral reservoirs in tissues and bloodstream and the effects of drug use on viral reservoir formation and stability. Our imaging systems correspond to correlative microscopy (live-cell, confocal, and electron microscopy), with mass spectrometry imaging and spatial proteomic/mRNA. The combination of all these technologies is unique for infectious diseases. Our data clearly indicates that despite long- term ART and full systemic suppression, synthesis of viral proteins and defective pro-viruses is still occurring even after 26 years in ART. Viral proteins such as tat, gp120, and nef are produced by viral reservoirs and taken up for surrounding uninfected cells, triggering chronic neuro and immune system compromise. Interestingly, sex and drug are critical determinants of residual viral expression and the radius of diffusion of these viral factors. Our proposal is designed in response to the PAR-25-330 with a focus on defective pro-viruses in HIV persistence and pathogenesis during ART.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $742,270 )
2026	2026	UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON	301 UNIVERSITY BLVD	GALVESTON	TX	77555	GALVESTON	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	7/28/2026	NEW	$742,270
														Subtotal = $742,270

Grand Total All Awards = $742,270

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The role of defective pro-viruses and viral proteins in NeuroHIV and cure

Award Number: R01MH146681

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/01/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2031

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