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Violence and onward HIV transmission in perinatally-infected adolescents

Award Number: R01MH119878
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/15/2019
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 05/31/2024

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Violence and onward HIV transmission in perinatally-infected adolescents - Project Summary (30 lines) Over two million adolescents are infected with HIV globally, the majority due to perinatal transmission. As HIV-positive adolescents, their choices – such as inconsistent medical adherence and unprotected sex - have the potential to alter the HIV epidemic. South Africa, home to the largest population of HIV-infected adolescents, is also experiencing a second epidemic of violence. Together, these epidemics create a devastating cycle. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is widely viewed as a key driver of HIV transmission, but is only part of the story. Violence victimization (at home, in relationships, and in the community) may similarly increase behavioral risk. To better understand how violence influences HIV transmission risk, we will enroll 300 HIV-positive and 300 HIV-negative male adolescents (aged 15-19) in Soweto, South Africa. At baseline and follow-up, participants will complete comprehensive surveys and medical testing (STIs, viral load). During the observation year, they will complete bi-weekly mobile phone surveys, yielding ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data on how daily experiences of violence affect behaviors in real time. In-depth interviews will be used to help us to better- understand how these behaviors are enacted by adolescents in their day-to-day lives. The aims are as follows: Aim 1: To measure IPV perpetration by PHIV, and test whether it exceeds that of HIV-negative peers. Most interventions to prevent IPV focus on girls only, but boys are increasingly recognized as essential participants. In urban South Africa, up to 40% of adolescent boys report perpetrating physical or sexual IPV. There is no data on IPV perpetration by male PHIV – the population with the greatest potential to transmit HIV during adolescence.. Aim 2: To estimate the impact of violence victimization on behaviors associated with onward HIV transmission in both PHIV and HIV-negative peers. Exposure to violence may heighten risk of onward transmission by 1) decreasing HIV treatment adherence necessary for viral suppression, 2) decreasing condom use, and 3) increasing perpetration of IPV. Using longitudinal data and EMA, we will be able to establish temporal order between violence victimization and these three outcomes. Aim 3: To highlight potential intervention points by identifying the most salient mediators linking violence to HIV transmission behaviors. We will use structural equation modelling to test potential mediators (e.g., depression, gender ideology) between multi-level violence and behavioral risk. Combined with the above aims, this body of evidence will guide us towards effective, developmentally-appropriate interventions that prevent onward HIV transmission.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $576,166 )
2023	2023	THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK	W5510 FRANKS MELVILLE MEMORIAL LIBRARY	STONY BROOK	NY	11794	SUFFOLK	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	5	5/16/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$576,166
														Subtotal = $576,166

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $551,156 )
2022	2022	RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, THE	WEST 5510 FRANKS MELVILLE MEMORIAL LIBRARY	STONY BROOK	NY	11794	SUFFOLK	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	4	4/26/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$551,156
														Subtotal = $551,156

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $539,914 )
2021	2021	RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, THE	WEST 5510 FRANKS MELVILLE MEMORIAL LIBRARY	STONY BROOK	NY	11794	SUFFOLK	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	3	6/14/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$539,914
														Subtotal = $539,914

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $555,308 )
2020	2020	RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, THE	WEST 5510 FRANKS MELVILLE MEMORIAL LIBRARY	STONY BROOK	NY	11794	SUFFOLK	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	001	2	4/30/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$555,308
2020	2019	RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, THE	WEST 5510 FRANKS MELVILLE MEMORIAL LIBRARY	STONY BROOK	NY	11794	SUFFOLK	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	11/22/2019	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $555,308

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $624,665 )
2019	2019	RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, THE	WEST 5510 FRANKS MELVILLE MEMORIAL LIBRARY	STONY BROOK	NY	11794	SUFFOLK	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	8/15/2019	NEW	$624,665
														Subtotal = $624,665

Grand Total All Awards = $2,847,209

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Violence and onward HIV transmission in perinatally-infected adolescents

Award Number: R01MH119878

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/15/2019

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 05/31/2024

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