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Emergency Trauma Care: Analysis of disparities in the pre-hospital emergency trauma care system

Award Number: R01MD018177
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 07/13/2023
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 01/31/2027

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Emergency Trauma Care: Analysis of disparities in the pre-hospital emergency trauma care system - Trauma is the leading cause of death for children and adults 46 years and younger, killing more Americans than AIDS and stroke combined. African Americans (OR 1.2, P<0.001), people living in high poverty neighborhoods (OR 1.01, P<0.001), and those enrolled in public health insurance programs (OR 1.53, P<0.001) have increased mortality after trauma when compared to their injured counterparts. Quantifying disparities in access to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and designated/verified trauma centers (TCs), as well as the extent to which timely access to care improves health outcomes are critical first steps to address this alarming discrepancy. Expeditious availability to EMS has yet to be evaluated and timely access to TCs is understudied. In fact, no one has explored the importance of expeditious availability to emergency health care services such as EMS and timely access to emergent trauma care as key social drivers of health (SDoH). Models to evaluate the role of SDoH as major predictors of these disparities remain untested. Rapid transport to a TC is associated with a 25% reduction in mortality; however, nearly 45 million Americans lack timely access to a verified TC. When compared to majority populations, recent data show some populations have significantly less access to TC and worse outcomes following trauma. Understanding the factors that determine trauma-related socio-spatial disparities can inform interventions at both the policy and system levels to mitigate the disproportionately large numbers of deaths experienced by some populations. Thus, there is a compelling need for research in these areas to facilitate targeted interventions to eliminate socio-spatial disparities within the pre-hospital phase of the emergency trauma care system to improve patient outcomes. To evaluate socio-spatial disparities in availability and access to both EMS and to TCs among critically injured trauma patients, we will evaluate the pre-hospital phase of the emergency trauma care system (availability to EMS, EMS response time, EMS scene time, EMS transportation time, EMS decision to transport to TCs vs. non-TCs, and EMS total prehospital time) and use large national databases to develop spatiotemporal models to assess drivers of disparities in traumatic injuries. Our interdisciplinary team will use data science methods and novel analytics to address this critical public health need by identifying health disparities at the level of the pre-hospital emergency trauma care system.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $498,624 )
2026	2026	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	4	1/13/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$498,624
														Subtotal = $498,624

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $646,646 )
2025	2025	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	001	3	4/16/2025	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$646,646
2025	2025	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	003	3	9/8/2025	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$0
2025	2024	NEW YORK UNIVERSITY	550 1ST AVE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	NEW YORK	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	002	2	6/23/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2025	2024	NEW YORK UNIVERSITY	550 1ST AVE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	NEW YORK	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	2	4/16/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $646,646

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $588,563 )
2024	2024	NEW YORK UNIVERSITY	550 1ST AVE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	NEW YORK	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	2	1/29/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$529,707
2024	2024	NEW YORK UNIVERSITY	550 1ST AVE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	NEW YORK	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	001	2	6/17/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$58,856
														Subtotal = $588,563

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $664,504 )
2023	2023	NEW YORK UNIVERSITY	550 1ST AVE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	NEW YORK	USA	Minority Health and Health Disparities Research	000	1	7/13/2023	NEW	$664,504
														Subtotal = $664,504

Grand Total All Awards = $2,398,337

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Emergency Trauma Care: Analysis of disparities in the pre-hospital emergency trauma care system

Award Number: R01MD018177

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 07/13/2023

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 01/31/2027

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