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Brain-behavior vulnerability to sleep loss in children: a dimensional study of attention and impulsivity

Award Number: R01HD103665
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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Project Summary Children and adolescents increasingly experience insufficient or poorly timed sleep as early school start times collide with maturational changes in sleep regulation. However, we lack a deep understanding of both the brain-behavior consequences of this sleep loss and the factors that distinguish which children may be increasingly vulnerable and which are comparatively resilient to its effects. This is particularly salient for the brain-behavior mechanisms underlying attention and impulsivity: two cognitive domains which are acutely impacted by sleep loss, are critical for academic success, and are core aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD). Attempts to address these issues are hindered by limited mechanistic studies, overreliance on data from adults, and the use of neurotypical samples only. Thus, this R01 project tackles these challenges with a within-subject at-home sleep restriction experiment with combined methods of fMRI, neurocognitive testing, EEG, and circadian physiology to bear on this important problem. We aim to enroll (over five years) 150, 10-13-year-old children across levels of inattention and impulsivity. We will compare a sleep optimized baseline to 5 nights of sleep restriction. Each child is characterized on several attention and impulsivity metrics to compile baseline risk scores for each domain. Resting neural arousal (waking frontal EEG theta power) and circadian timing (melatonin onset phase angle) index sleep-relevant physiology as candidate mechanisms altering a child’s resilience to sleep loss. Repeated functional magnetic resonance imaging using task-based and resting paradigms, with complex modeling of behavior variability characterizes sleep loss’s impact on attention and impulsivity. A performance battery indexes neurocognitive impairments relevant for academic achievement. Finally, machine learning is used to determine examine distinct phenotypes of baseline risk factors and sleep-loss vulnerability in our sample. In sum, this project will advance both NICHD and NIMH’s goal to understand mechanisms of complex behavior; here, consequences and mediators of sleep loss for children.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $549,423 )
2023	2023	BRADLEY EMMA PENDLETON HOSPITAL	1011 VETERANS MEMORIAL PKWY	RIVERSIDE	RI	02915	PROVIDENCE	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	3	6/1/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$549,423
														Subtotal = $549,423

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $551,118 )
2022	2022	BRADLEY EMMA PENDLETON HOSPITAL	1011 VETERANS MEMORIAL PKWY	RIVERSIDE	RI	02915	PROVIDENCE	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	5/26/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$551,118
														Subtotal = $551,118

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $550,108 )
2021	2021	EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL	1011 VETERANS MEMORIAL PKWY	RIVERSIDE	RI	02915	PROVIDENCE	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	1	8/9/2021	NEW	$550,108
														Subtotal = $550,108

Grand Total All Awards = $1,650,649

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Brain-behavior vulnerability to sleep loss in children: a dimensional study of attention and impulsivity

Award Number: R01HD103665

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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