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Maintaining behavior change: A 6-year follow-up of adolescent 'night-owls' and an evaluation of a habit-based sleep health intervention

Award Number: R01HD071065
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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Maintaining behavior change: A 6-year follow-up of adolescent 'night-owls' and an evaluation of a habit-based sleep health intervention - Project Summary/Abstract Youth who exhibit an evening circadian chronotype (“night-owls”) follow a delayed sleep schedule, increasing activity later in the day and both going to sleep and getting up later, compared to morning types (“larks”). Eveningness arises from a confluence of psychosocial, behavioral and biological factors and is an important contributor to vicious cycles that escalate vulnerability and risk among youth. While the basic biological shift toward eveningness—initially triggered around the onset of puberty—may be difficult to modify, the psychosocial and behavioral contributors are modifiable. Supported by R01HD071065, we have conducted a “treatment experiment” in which we delivered the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention for Youth (TranS-C) to reduce eveningness among 10-18 year olds. We randomly allocated youth with an evening chronotype, and who were “at risk” in at least one of five health-relevant domains (emotional, cognitive, behavioral, social, physical), to either: (a) TranS-C (n = 89) or (b) Psychoeducation (n = 87). While the results were promising, some drop off in treatment gains were observed. This is consistent with prior research documenting that a drop-off in the years following treatment is too commonly observed. Indeed, there have been calls to study if and how behavioral interventions are maintained (NOT-OD-19-040). Hence, in this revised renewal application, we propose to study the maintenance of behavior change by conducting a 6-year follow-up of the unique cohort of youth recruited for R01HD071065. The youth will be 16 to 26 years old. They will be assessed for sleep and circadian functioning and functioning in five health-relevant domains (emotional, cognitive, behavioral, social, physical) (SA1) and for their utilization of sleep health behavior (SA2). As a next step in this research program, we propose to evaluate if a Habit-based Sleep Health Intervention (“HABITs”)—a novel low-cost approach derived by leveraging the science of habit formation—improves the utilization of sleep health behavior and improves sleep and circadian outcomes and functioning in the five health-relevant domain outcomes in the short and longer term (SA3). An independent sample of youth who exhibit a high level of eveningness and are “at risk” in at least one of the five health-relevant domains will be randomly allocated to HABITs alone or HABITs plus Text Messaging (“HABITs+Texts”) (n = 160). The text messaging portion is derived from learning theory, the Behavior Change Wheel and focus groups. We will also examine if sleep health behavior that has become habitual mediates the effects of treatment on improvement in sleep, circadian and health outcomes. Moderation analyses will examine if intervention effectiveness is related to age/developmental stage, sex, SES, racial/ethnic minority group and season of participation. This research will advance knowledge on longer-term outcomes, the role of eveningness as a mechanism contributing to poorer youth outcome and the value of leveraging of learning theory and the science of habit formation in health promotion.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $711,142 )
2024	2024	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 201	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	9	7/31/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$711,142
														Subtotal = $711,142

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $823,332 )
2023	2023	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 201	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	001	8	8/17/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$735,314
2023	2023	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 201	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	7	1/25/2023	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$88,018
														Subtotal = $823,332

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $734,571 )
2022	2022	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 201	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	002	7	7/25/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$734,635
2022	2021	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 201	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	001	6	7/25/2022	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2022	2016	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 201	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	5	10/1/2021	EXTENSION WITH OR WITHOUT FUNDS	-$64
														Subtotal = $734,571

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $730,164 )
2021	2021	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 220	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	6	8/29/2021	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$730,164
														Subtotal = $730,164

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2019	2016	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE	1608 4TH ST STE 220	BERKELEY	CA	94710	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	5	10/23/2018	EXTENSION WITH OR WITHOUT FUNDS	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2016 ( Subtotal = $383,124 )
2016	2016	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, REGENTS	481 UNIVERSITY HALL	BERKELEY	CA	94704	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	5	4/14/2016	EXTENSION WITH OR WITHOUT FUNDS	$383,124
														Subtotal = $383,124

Issue Date FY: 2015 ( Subtotal = $565,113 )
2015	2015	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, REGENTS	481 UNIVERSITY HALL	BERKELEY	CA	94704	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	4	5/14/2015	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$565,113
														Subtotal = $565,113

Issue Date FY: 2014 ( Subtotal = $572,463 )
2014	2014	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, REGENTS	481 UNIVERSITY HALL	BERKELEY	CA	94704	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	3	5/21/2014	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$572,463
														Subtotal = $572,463

Issue Date FY: 2013 ( Subtotal = $568,112 )
2013	2013	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, REGENTS	481 UNIVERSITY HALL	BERKELEY	CA	94704	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	6/18/2013	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$568,112
														Subtotal = $568,112

Issue Date FY: 2012 ( Subtotal = $629,619 )
2012	2012	UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, REGENTS	481 UNIVERSITY HALL	BERKELEY	CA	94704	ALAMEDA	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	1	7/24/2012	NEW	$629,619
														Subtotal = $629,619

Grand Total All Awards = $5,717,640

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Maintaining behavior change: A 6-year follow-up of adolescent 'night-owls' and an evaluation of a habit-based sleep health intervention

Award Number: R01HD071065

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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