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Characterization of Retinoid-Binding Protein 3 (RBP3): A Protective Factor Against Diabetic Retinopathy Identified in People with Extreme Diabetes Duration

Award Number: R01EY026080
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Although treatment exists for late-stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema, interventions to inhibit DR onset and worsening, other than glycemic control, have generally not been successful. To identify novel DR therapeutic targets, we studied Joslin 50-Year Medalists (N=1019), all of whom have type 1 diabetes (T1D) for 50-87 years. The presence of DR protective factors is supported by a bimodal distribution of DR in this cohort; 41% of Medalists have no-mild DR and 47% have quiescent proliferative DR (QPDR) despite no significant difference in glycemic control. Longitudinal data for up to 60 years shows that Medalists protected from proliferative DR (PDR) did not experience DR worsening after their first 17 years of diabetes. Mass spectrometry of post-mortem retina and vitreous found a novel protective factor, interphotoreceptor retinol- binding protein 3 (RBP3), to be elevated in Medalists with no-mild DR despite poor glycemic control. Our paper in Science Transl. Medicine (2019) confirmed that RBP3 is elevated in the retina and vitreous of Medalists with no-mild DR versus Medalists and non-Medalists with QPDR, and that RBP3 in the retina and vitreous of diabetic individuals is lower than in non-diabetic controls. RBP3 overexpression in in vivo studies by lentivirus subretinal injection, embryonically by transgene targeting photoreceptors or intravitreous injection of recombinant RBP3, inhibited retinal VEGF and IL-6 expression and normalized vascular permeability, electroretinogram changes and acellular capillaries in diabetic rodents. Mechanistic studies showed that in Muller and endothelial cells, RBP3 binds to cell surface proteins including GLUT-1 to decrease glucose uptake and glycolytic flux, neutralizing adverse actions of hyperglycemia. We developed a sensitive and specific ELISA assay that showed RBP3 levels in the vitreous and serum (at 1/1000 of vitreous levels) were correlated with each other and with DR severity, and inversely correlated with vitreous VEGF. RBP3 expression in photoreceptor cells was reduced by high glucose, possibly due to protein kinase C (PKC) ¿ activation and inhibition of serum reactive factor (SRF) transcription factor via the Akt pathway. Preliminary studies of RBP3 subdomains show structure-function activities for inhibiting glucose uptake by binding to GLUT-1 transporters and reducing VEGF and IL-6 expression in Muller cells. The specific aims proposed are: Sp. Aim 1: To characterize and compare RBP3 levels in the retina, vitreous and serum as a potential biomarker for DR in T1D and T2D patients at the Joslin Diabetes Center, with validation in the Finland FinnDiane T1D cohort and DRCR Protocol T (T2D) cohort. Sp. Aim 2: To determine the mechanism for hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of RBP3 expression in photoreceptors in vivo and in a photoreceptor cell line by activation of PKC¿ and deactivation of the Akt/mTOR/S6K pathway and SRF transcription factor. Sp. Aim 3: To define structure-function relationships between the RBP3 full length protein and its subdomains with regard to interaction with GLUT-1 and glucose uptake in Müller and retinal endothelial cells.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $471,383 )
2024	2024	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	7	1/16/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$471,383
														Subtotal = $471,383

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $479,838 )
2023	2023	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	002	6	3/8/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$47,984
2023	2023	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	001	6	12/19/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$431,854
2023	2022	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	5	12/19/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $479,838

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $465,441 )
2022	2022	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	5	12/23/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$431,854
2022	2022	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	001	5	4/4/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$33,587
														Subtotal = $465,441

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $474,768 )
2021	2021	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	4	12/17/2020	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$474,768
														Subtotal = $474,768

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2020	2018	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	3	6/26/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2018 ( Subtotal = $413,750 )
2018	2018	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	001	3	5/24/2018	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$41,375
2018	2018	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	3	2/13/2018	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$372,375
														Subtotal = $413,750

Issue Date FY: 2017 ( Subtotal = $413,750 )
2017	2017	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	001	2	8/14/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$41,375
2017	2017	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC.	1 JOSLIN PL	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	2	2/13/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$372,375
														Subtotal = $413,750

Issue Date FY: 2016 ( Subtotal = $413,750 )
2016	2016	JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER, INC	ONE JOSLIN PLACE	BOSTON	MA	02215	SUFFOLK	USA	Vision Research	000	1	2/26/2016	NEW	$413,750
														Subtotal = $413,750

Grand Total All Awards = $3,132,680

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Characterization of Retinoid-Binding Protein 3 (RBP3): A Protective Factor Against Diabetic Retinopathy Identified in People with Extreme Diabetes Duration

Award Number: R01EY026080

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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