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Use of accelerometer and gyroscope data to improve precision of estimates of physical activity type and energy expenditure in free-living adults

Award Number: R01DK129428
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES & DIGESTIVE & KIDNEY DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 05/15/2022
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2027

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Use of accelerometer and gyroscope data to improve precision of estimates of physical activity type and energy expenditure in free-living adults - Project Summary/Abstract Wearable devices are the primary method for objectively assessing physical activity (PA) type and energy ex- penditure (EE) in free-living individuals. Current practice involves using only accelerometer-based devices, which are generally better for predicting outcomes at the group level rather than the individual level. A ceiling effect has been reached for accuracy and precision of accelerometer-derived predictions, and thus there is a critical need for other approaches that can yield more accurate and precise methods to classify PA type and estimate EE. A potential solution is to combine data from accelerometers with data from other sensors. Accelerometers record linear acceleration, which captures a large amount of human movement. However, many daily activities contain turning motions that are not captured by only using accelerometers. Gyroscopes record angular velocity, and thus may be useful in combination with accelerometers for capturing a richer picture of human movement. This can result in improved accuracy and precision when assessing PA type and EE. Using an ActiGraph GT9X (worn on hip, wrists, or ankles), we have previously shown that combining accelerometer and gyroscope data led to individual-level accuracy improvements of ~6%, compared to accelerometer only. Importantly, this in- cluded up to 30% improvement for classifying sedentary activities. In addition, classification accuracy between sedentary and non-sedentary behaviors when using only the accelerometer, ranged from 76.7-96.7% across wear locations, whereas the gyroscope correctly classified 100% of the time at all wear locations. The overall objective of this R01 application is to use gold standard measures of EE (doubly-labeled water, room calorimetry and portable indirect calorimetry) and activity classification (video direct observation) to develop and refine ma- chine learning algorithms using both accelerometer and gyroscope sensor data. The specific aims of the study are: 1) Develop and validate gyroscope-inclusive machine learning models that classify PA type and estimate EE in adults, using a 24-hr stay in a room indirect calorimetry (n=50) and 2-hr of semi-structured activities with portable calorimetry (n=50); 2a) Assess free-living performance of the models, and 2b) Re-train and refine the models using free-living data with ground truth from direct observation and portable indirect calorimetry (n = 100 participants during 12 hrs of free-living activity); and 3) Assess validity of EE models during a prolonged free- living period using the doubly-labeled water technique (n=100). The central hypothesis is that the gyroscope will provide meaningful and discriminative information on rotational movements that occur during human movement, thereby complementing the accelerometer data. Combining accelerometer and gyroscope sensor data will im- prove accuracy and precision for classifying PA type and estimating EE compared to using either sensor alone, and will have a significant impact on the ability to assess free-living PA in adults.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2026	2025	UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE	201 ANDY HOLT TOWER	KNOXVILLE	TN	37996	KNOX	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	4	3/16/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $628,906 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE	201 ANDY HOLT TOWER	KNOXVILLE	TN	37996	KNOX	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	4	5/2/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$628,906
														Subtotal = $628,906

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $611,587 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE	201 ANDY HOLT TOWER	KNOXVILLE	TN	37996	KNOX	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	3	5/9/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$611,587
														Subtotal = $611,587

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $640,818 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE	201 ANDY HOLT TOWER	KNOXVILLE	TN	37996	KNOX	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	2	4/24/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$640,818
														Subtotal = $640,818

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $684,501 )
2022	2022	UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE	1331 CIR PARK DR	KNOXVILLE	TN	37916	KNOX	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	1	5/4/2022	NEW	$684,501
														Subtotal = $684,501

Grand Total All Awards = $2,565,812

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Use of accelerometer and gyroscope data to improve precision of estimates of physical activity type and energy expenditure in free-living adults

Award Number: R01DK129428

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES & DIGESTIVE & KIDNEY DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 05/15/2022

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2027

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