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Neuroimaging Reveals Treatment-Related Changes in DLD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Award Number: R01DC019337
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/15/2021
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2027

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Neuroimaging Reveals Treatment-Related Changes in DLD: A Randomized Controlled Trial - Project Summary/Abstract Although the impact of developmental language disorder (DLD), a prevalent preschool disorder, can be mitigated through evidence-based and early interventions, little is known about the neural basis of DLD, especially in young children, yet is useful in the design of efficacious treatments. While much of the evidence has been furnished by studies examining domain-specific processes (language network), domain-general processes relating memory and language also offer valuable testing ground and present the opportunity to advance the current knowledge base. The Procedural circuit Deficit Hypothesis (PDH) posits that grammar deficits are explained by an impairment of procedural memory (rule learning, “knowing how”). This impairment is associated with structural abnormalities in connections between frontal brain regions and basal ganglia, with corresponding underactivation and reduced functional connectivity. However, the declarative memory system (semantic, “knowing what”), supported by cortical and subcortical regions in the temporal lobes, including hippocampus, is spared, acting as a compensatory mechanism to offset grammar deficits. This proposed research will use neuroimaging (functional MRI and diffusion imaging) to describe the neural basis (functional and structural connectivity) of grammar learning and treatment-related change by way of the PDH. We will gather critical data regarding grammar learning in preschoolers with DLD before, after, and following a break in intervention (computer-assisted treatment: DLD treatment; “business as usual”: DLD no treatment) as part of a randomized controlled trial. We will also include typically developing (TD) peers to inform development vs disorder. Our central hypothesis is that treatment designed to improve grammar learning will normalize the procedural learning network in association with increases in language function and that the degree of improvement may be associated with the underlying neurobiology of baseline grammar deficits. Building on a robust history of recruitment and treatment of preschoolers with DLD, we will enroll 184 preschoolers, 100 with DLD (n=50 treatment; n=50 no treatment controls) and 84 TD. Aim 1 will establish the relationship between functional and structural connectivity for preschoolers with DLD and their TD peers between regions in the procedural learning and declarative networks. In Aim 2, we will establish the neurobiological basis of treatment-related changes in DLD only. We examine potential changes in functional and structural connectivity between regions of the procedural learning and declarative memory networks, and investigate whether treatment-related changes occur into the typical range (DLD and TD). To meet our scientific goals, we pair behavioral tools (traditional grammar tools) with neuroimaging to describe co-occurring behavioral performance underlying learning and outcome. This research will contribute novel insights into mechanisms underlying learning and impairment to help advance the evidence-based management of DLD.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $68,115 )
2024	2024	THE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO	27 KING'S COLLEGE CIR	TORONTO	ON			CAN	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	002	5	8/22/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$68,115
2024	2022	THE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO	27 KING'S COLLEGE CIR	TORONTO	ON			CAN	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	3	6/6/2024	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$409,620
2024	2021	CINCINNATI UNIV OF	2600 CLIFTON AVE	CINCINNATI	OH	45220	HAMILTON	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	1	6/6/2024	NEW	-$409,620
														Subtotal = $68,115

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $1,004,032 )
2023	2023	GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO	27 KING'S COLLEGE CIR	TORONTO	ON			CAN	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	003	4	7/25/2023	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$449,502
2023	2023	GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO	27 KING'S COLLEGE CIR	TORONTO	ON			CAN	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	002	4	6/16/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$594,509
2023	2022	GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO	27 KING'S COLLEGE CIR	TORONTO	ON			CAN	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	3	10/18/2022	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$616,681
2023	2022	UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI	2600 CLIFTON AVE	CINCINNATI	OH	45220	HAMILTON	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	2	10/14/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$656,660
														Subtotal = $1,004,032

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $656,660 )
2022	2022	UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI	2600 CLIFTON AVE	CINCINNATI	OH	45220	HAMILTON	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	2	6/9/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$656,660
														Subtotal = $656,660

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $689,046 )
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI	2600 CLIFTON AVE	CINCINNATI	OH	45220	HAMILTON	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	1	9/13/2021	NEW	$689,046
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI	2600 CLIFTON AVE	CINCINNATI	OH	45220	HAMILTON	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	1	9/15/2021	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $689,046

Grand Total All Awards = $2,417,853

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Neuroimaging Reveals Treatment-Related Changes in DLD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Award Number: R01DC019337

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/15/2021

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2027

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