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Recasting and book reading under ideal (dose-controlled) and typical (dose-variable) conditions: The role of fidelity and adherence in production and comprehension outcomes for children with DLD

Award Number: R01DC018276
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/01/2020
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/31/2026

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Recasting and book reading under ideal (dose-controlled) and typical (dose-variable) conditions: The role of fidelity and adherence in production and comprehension outcomes for children with DLD - Project Summary Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is a disorder in language learning and use that affects 7% of the population. Grammatical difficulties are a hallmark characteristic of this disorder during childhood. Long-term academic and quality of life outcomes are poor. The development of broadly adoptable techniques to remediate comprehension and production of complex syntax prior to attainment of fluent reading would increase access to the academic curriculum earlier and improve long-term outcomes of individuals with DLD. It is unlikely that recast therapy, the current standard of care, is delivered effectively within the constraints of current service delivery approaches and reimbursement models. Thus, there is a need to either demonstrate that recasts are a superior intervention method worthy of the effort required for faithful implementation, or to identify and develop an alternative approach that is feasible for administration to children older than 3 who are not yet fluent readers. Illustrated syntax stories i.e., specially constructed stories loaded with the target grammatical form that can be read aloud by a caregiver, could be that more feasible approach. Literacy, while not universal, is more accessible than recast therapy to a broad range of adults and high rates of input can be rapidly and consistently provided. This approach has previously been shown to increase the production and comprehension of passives, reported speech, and conjoined clauses in typical preschoolers and school age children. Our own preliminary data suggests that illustrated syntax stories could also be effective for children with DLD. Here, we carry out a randomized controlled trial, enrolling 140 children with DLD between the ages of 4 and 7 who score below 40% correct on the use of passives and object relative clauses. Children receive one of four possible treatments (recasts at home, recasts in the lab, syntax stories at home, syntax stories in the lab) for one grammatical structure for 10 weeks and then outcomes are re-assessed for both the treated and untreated structures. Comparison of the two different treatment approaches in the lab under dose controlled conditions informs us as to the mechanism of action for language learning. Specifically in Aim 1, we contrast interactive, feedback-based learning (recast therapy) with concentrated systematic exposure (illustrated syntax stories). In Aim 2, we consider the influence of the delivery mechanism on the ultimate dose delivered when treatment is provided by caregivers. We ask whether there is sufficient difference between the two delivery methods in terms of the dose provided by caregivers such that it cascades down to affect child outcomes. Combining outcomes data with quantitative information about the degree of fidelity and adherence and qualitative information reasons for these behavior patterns (Aim 3) will provide critical information about the circumstances under which these treatments can be provided effectively. These data will be interpreted within the Theoretical Domains Framework to better understand barriers and enablers of treatment implementation and to inform future work to scale-up the most effective approach.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $586,454 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	550 S COLLEGE AVE	NEWARK	DE	19713	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	002	6	8/13/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$586,454
2025	2024	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	550 S COLLEGE AVE	NEWARK	DE	19713	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	5	7/16/2025	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$0
2025	2024	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	550 S COLLEGE AVE	NEWARK	DE	19713	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	5	6/9/2025	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$0
														Subtotal = $586,454

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $45,295 )
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	5	8/23/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	4	7/10/2024	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$5,494
2024	2024	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	002	5	8/26/2024	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$39,800
														Subtotal = $45,295

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $614,183 )
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	4	9/22/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2023	2023	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	4	8/18/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$614,183
														Subtotal = $614,183

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $618,938 )
2022	2022	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	3	8/19/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$618,938
														Subtotal = $618,938

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $621,227 )
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	2	8/11/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$621,227
2021	2021	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	001	2	9/2/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $621,227

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $654,545 )
2020	2020	UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE	220 HULLIHEN HALL	NEWARK	DE	19716	NEW CASTLE	USA	Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders	000	1	6/29/2020	NEW	$654,545
														Subtotal = $654,545

Grand Total All Awards = $3,140,642

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Recasting and book reading under ideal (dose-controlled) and typical (dose-variable) conditions: The role of fidelity and adherence in production and comprehension outcomes for children with DLD

Award Number: R01DC018276

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/01/2020

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/31/2026

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