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Spatiotemporal Modeling to Improve HIV Prevention and Treatment for People who Use Drugs in the United States

Award Number: R01DA066063
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 05/01/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2030

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Spatiotemporal Modeling to Improve HIV Prevention and Treatment for People who Use Drugs in the United States - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT We propose an implementation science study to estimate county-level HIV burden and vulnerability for people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States (U.S.) and identify county and organizational characteristics associated with increased HIV prevention and treatment provision at community-based programs primarily serving PWID (CBPs). HIV prevalence among PWID remains at 7%, and PWID continue to be overrepresented among those with new HIV infections. A strong body of research demonstrates CBPs’ effectiveness at preventing HIV among PWID and improving linkage to treatment. Yet, our understanding of county-level HIV burden and vulnerability among PWID across the U.S. is inadequate. As such, we do not know whether CBP-based HIV prevention and treatment is ideally located for optimal impact. In addition, actionable information on how to scale up HIV treatment and prevention services at CBPs within different contexts is limited. Implementation science research that generates actionable information to inform local and state responses is vital to optimize HIV prevention and treatment delivery for PWID towards the goal of ending the HIV epidemic. To improve our understanding, we will address previous methodological gaps by using unsupervised machine learning to create dynamic, county-year profiles of HIV burden and vulnerability among PWID over time. We will link these profiles with other county-level CBP survey data, creating a dataset for spatiotemporal and longitudinal modeling. Our aims and research questions will be guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), an implementation science framework that organizes multilevel factors that influence implementation of evidence-based interventions. CFIR considers characteristics of the outer setting, inner setting, and innovation as important determinants of implementation. Our proposed aims are to (1) Identify county-level HIV burden and vulnerability profiles (outer setting) for PWID over time; (2) Identify county characteristics (outer setting) associated with CBPs operating, opening and closing over time; (3) Identify county characteristics (outer setting) associated with larger-scale delivery of CBP-based HIV prevention and treatment (innovation) over time; and (4) Identify CBP organizational characteristics (inner setting) associated with larger-scale delivery of CBP-based HIV prevention and treatment (innovation) over time. Our study is highly responsive to RFA-DA-25-024 by using “novel approaches…to understand population needs, resources and infrastructure within jurisdictions…that address HIV and substance use.” By combining advanced data science methods and Bayesian hierarchical regression modeling, our proposed implementation science research will provide vital, actionable information that will inform federal agencies and state and county health department efforts to treat existing HIV infections and prevent new ones. Our findings will address challenges of delivering the continuum of HIV care for PWID and accelerate efforts to end the HIV epidemic.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $613,917 )
2026	2026	RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE	3040 CORNWALLIS RD	DURHAM	NC	27709	DURHAM	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	1	4/27/2026	NEW	$613,917
														Subtotal = $613,917

Grand Total All Awards = $613,917

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Spatiotemporal Modeling to Improve HIV Prevention and Treatment for People who Use Drugs in the United States

Award Number: R01DA066063

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 05/01/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/28/2030

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