Tuesday, November 4, 2025 11/4/2025

Decision Neuroscience of Craving

Award Number: R01DA054201
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/01/2021
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2026

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Decision Neuroscience of Craving - Project Summary/Abstract The current opioid epidemic is a pressing public health crisis. A key precipitating factor of reuse and relapse among people with opioid use disorders (OUD) is craving, or the intense, specific desire for the drug. While craving has been extensively studied, and is known to predict drug use, we still lack an explanatory and algorithmically-precise model that can directly link craving neurobiology to its observed consequences: the decision to pursue drugs over other valuable alternatives. Given that typical treatments for OUD do not adequately address craving and fail to prevent reuse in many patients, clarifying the precise, decision-relevant, mechanism of craving may critically inform more targeted ways to treat craving and improve clinical outcome. To address these important questions, we developed an experimental paradigm to study craving based on methods widely used in decision neuroscience to assess value-based decision-making. Decision neuroscience (or neuroeconomics) integrates concepts and methods from psychology, economics, and neuroscience to understand the neural architecture for decision-making, and has been increasingly applied in mechanistic studies of psychiatric disorders including addiction. Our paradigm constitutes a novel application of this framework by quantifying a subject’s in-the-moment (i.e., state-dependent) decision process during craving15. In pilot behavioral studies in healthy and opioid addicted subjects, we find that this paradigm captures 1) how value—the key determinant of the decision to pursue a particular option versus another—changes under craving, and 2) the selectivity of this effect to the object of craving. It also 3) provides an algorithmically-specific process (a mathematical description) of this change that can be used to tie behavior to its neural substrate. In the present study we aim to elucidate this neural substrate by identifying the specific neural computations through which craving modulates the value of drug and nondrug alternatives and thereby drug use decisions in human OUD. We propose to identify the neural substrate of opioid craving in N=89 OUD patients who will complete our paradigm during fMRI in a within-subjects cross-over design following a brief craving induction or a control manipulation16. Because decision circuits encode value in a reward-identity specific manner, our design will enable us to isolate the computations associated with drug-related value from those of nondrug value. Our study will for the first time determine whether and how experimentally-induced craving dynamically shifts such “identity-specific” neural encoding of drug-related value (Aim 1), and the parts of a putative ‘craving circuit’ involved in this shift (Aim 2). To test whether this mechanism is unique and reward-identity specific, we will also measure brain activity associated with experimentally-induced food craving and specific food-value in the same patients and N=89 healthy controls (Aim 3). If successful, this integrative approach will uncover precise targets for selectively mitigating craving-induced increases in drug-value that promote opioid reuse, laying the groundwork for precision interventions to treat craving in treatment unresponsive individuals.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $485,882 )
2025	2025	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	5	6/16/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$485,882
														Subtotal = $485,882

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $579,939 )
2024	2024	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	005	4	6/4/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$579,939
2024	2023	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	004	3	2/13/2024	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$42,673
2024	2023	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	001	3	1/24/2024	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$264,700
2024	2022	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY	83 SOMERSET ST	NEW BRUNSWICK	NJ	08901	MIDDLESEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	2	1/24/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$264,700
2024	2022	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY	83 SOMERSET ST	NEW BRUNSWICK	NJ	08901	MIDDLESEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	003	2	2/13/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$42,673
2024	2022	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY	83 SOMERSET ST	NEW BRUNSWICK	NJ	08901	MIDDLESEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	002	2	2/7/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $579,939

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $579,939 )
2023	2023	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	3	6/22/2023	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$579,939
2023	2022	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	83 SOMERSET ST	NEW BRUNSWICK	NJ	08901	MIDDLESEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	001	2	9/6/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $579,939

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $579,939 )
2022	2022	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	83 SOMERSET ST	NEW BRUNSWICK	NJ	08901	MIDDLESEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	2	6/29/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$579,939
														Subtotal = $579,939

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $579,939 )
2021	2021	RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	83 SOMERSET ST	NEW BRUNSWICK	NJ	08901	MIDDLESEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	1	8/23/2021	NEW	$579,939
														Subtotal = $579,939

Grand Total All Awards = $2,805,638

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Decision Neuroscience of Craving

Award Number: R01DA054201

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/01/2021

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2026

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