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Developing measures to study how structural interventions may affect HIV risk

Award Number: R01DA031597
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 07/01/2011
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2017

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Developing measures to study how structural interventions may affect HIV risk - DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In spite of all prevention efforts, 56,000 new HIV infections take place in the USA each year. Leaders in the field are calling for "structural" or "social" interventions that affect the risk environments, networks and social norms that influence risk behaviors and/or the probability that an HIV uninfected person will engage in sex or drug injection with an infected person. Developing structural interventions that work will be difficult and will require considerable research. As has been the case with HIV behavioral interventions, vaccine trials and microbicide research, initial structural intervention efforts are likely to meet only partial success (if that). In order to learn from these trials, it is essential to be able to measure the pathways that connect the target of the intervention-typically, a law, an organizational characteristic, or a social program such as housing provision- to changes in behaviors, risk environments or risk networks and then to STI or HIV incidence. This project aims to develop reliable and valid measures of important intermediate pathways between upstream changes or interventions and the immediate causes of infection. These pathways will include a. individuals' perceived immediate social environments; b. how individuals' lives are structured in ways that might affect how they react to changes in their environments; and c. how individuals react to normative influence from others in their environments (and the norms they develop as a result). The specific aims of the project are to develop these measures; to assess their reliability and concurrent criterion validity; and then to describe the distributions of these variables among reasonably representative samples of injection drug users, high-risk heterosexuals, and men who have sex with men in New York City (the epicenter of the US HIV epidemic). We will do this by using ethnographic approaches to develop the measures; and then by surveying 290 injection drug users, 290 high-risk heterosexuals, and 290 men who have sex with men to describe their psychometric properties and their population distributions. We will make these measures available to researchers in the USA and globally so they can use them - perhaps in modified culturally competent form for other countries - to develop and evaluate structural interventions; and, in an allied research area - to understand how large-scale social changes like wars or large-scale socioeconomic changes sometimes do and sometimes do not lead to HIV epidemics.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2018 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2018	2015	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC.	71 W 23RD ST FL 8	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	5	11/14/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2016 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2016	2015	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	5	4/28/2016	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2015 ( Subtotal = $197,105 )
2015	2015	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	5	4/8/2015	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$197,105
														Subtotal = $197,105

Issue Date FY: 2014 ( Subtotal = $450,649 )
2014	2014	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	4	4/21/2014	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$450,649
														Subtotal = $450,649

Issue Date FY: 2013 ( Subtotal = $455,187 )
2013	2013	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	3	4/18/2013	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$426,737
2013	2013	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	001	3	5/16/2013	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$28,450
														Subtotal = $455,187

Issue Date FY: 2012 ( Subtotal = $479,793 )
2012	2012	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	2	4/5/2012	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$479,793
														Subtotal = $479,793

Issue Date FY: 2011 ( Subtotal = $478,270 )
2011	2011	NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC	71 W 23RD STREET, 8TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10010	NEW YORK	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	1	6/17/2011	NEW	$478,270
														Subtotal = $478,270

Grand Total All Awards = $2,061,004

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Developing measures to study how structural interventions may affect HIV risk

Award Number: R01DA031597

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 07/01/2011

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 04/30/2017

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