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Improving Breast Cancer Risk Prediction for African American Women: Consideration of Estrogen Receptor Subtype-Specific Risk Factors

Award Number: R01CA228357
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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PROJECT SUMMARY Improved breast cancer risk prediction is of critical importance for African American (AA) women in view of their younger age at diagnosis, higher incidence of the most aggressive subtypes (e.g., estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer), and 40% higher breast cancer mortality compared with white women. Several models, including the well-known Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (Gail model), have been developed, largely in white populations, to assess a woman’s absolute risk of breast cancer; they have been used to identify high-risk women for supplemental screening, preventive treatment, and enrollment in chemoprevention trials. Only two prediction models have been developed specifically for AA women and both have low discriminatory accuracy. Recent research by our group and others indicates distinct etiologic pathways for breast cancer subtypes defined by ER status in that associations with parity, breastfeeding, postmenopausal hormone use, and body size differ by ER status. For example, high parity is associated with reduced risk of ER+ cancer and with increased risk of ER- cancer. The relatively poor discriminatory accuracy of breast cancer risk prediction models in AA women may reflect the failure to properly consider tumor subtypes. This is a lesser concern in other ethnic groups in which the vast majority of cases are ER+, whereas up to a third of AA cases are ER-. In a novel approach, we will first estimate ER specific relative risk estimates from analyses of pooled data from AA women in three population-based case-control studies, including 1382 ER- and 2275 ER+ breast cancer cases, as well as 3341 controls. We will then use those estimates, together with SEER age-incidence rates for ER+ and ER- breast cancer in AA women to estimate baseline age-specific hazard rates for ER+ and ER- cancer. Finally, we will combine relative risks and baseline hazards, taking into account competing risks, to estimate the probability of developing the first of either ER+ or ER- breast cancer over a pre-specified time interval given a woman’s age and risk factors. Performance of the ER specific models and the overall tool for predicting any breast cancer will be tested in prospective cohort data from the Black Women’s Health Study (BWHS), based on occurrence of 703 ER- and 1502 ER+ cases. Existing risk prediction models for AA women will also be applied to the prospective BWHS data in order to compare their performance with performance of our new tool. Although genome-wide genotyping is not yet a part of each patient’s medical records, to set the stage for such genotyping in the future, in a second aim we will add SNPs associated with breast cancer subtypes identified in GWAS and fine-mapping of AA women to the models and evaluate changes in performance. Improved breast cancer risk prediction models in AA women will lead to earlier detection and treatment of high risk women, and thereby to reduced breast cancer mortality.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $186,907 )
2023	2023	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	000	5	2/6/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$186,907
														Subtotal = $186,907

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $254,238 )
2022	2022	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	000	4	12/30/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$141,647
2022	2022	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	002	4	6/28/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$100,000
2022	2022	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	001	4	4/25/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$12,591
														Subtotal = $254,238

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $269,023 )
2021	2021	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	000	3	12/29/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$150,151
2021	2021	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	002	3	9/14/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$100,000
2021	2021	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	001	3	1/21/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$18,872
														Subtotal = $269,023

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $477,438 )
2020	2020	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	001	2	1/13/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$37,745
2020	2020	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	000	2	12/13/2019	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$339,693
2020	2020	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	002	2	8/27/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$100,000
														Subtotal = $477,438

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $477,438 )
2019	2019	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	001	1	5/1/2019	NEW	$100,000
2019	2019	TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY	85 E NEWTON ST M-921	BOSTON	MA	02118	SUFFOLK	USA	Cancer Cause and Prevention Research	000	1	1/8/2019	NEW	$377,438
														Subtotal = $477,438

Grand Total All Awards = $1,665,044

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Improving Breast Cancer Risk Prediction for African American Women: Consideration of Estrogen Receptor Subtype-Specific Risk Factors

Award Number: R01CA228357

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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