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Childhood Allergy and the NeOnatal Environment (CANOE): Early life epithelial development and asthma

Award Number: R01AI202514
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/06/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 07/31/2031

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Childhood Allergy and the NeOnatal Environment (CANOE): Early life epithelial development and asthma - PROJECT ABSTRACT Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous condition with genetic and environmental factors contributing to the disease. Early life is a critical time window during which environmental exposures impact immune development and asthma risk. The microbiome, epithelial cells, and immune cells of the nasal airway interact to form an integrated mucosal ecosystem that regulates homeostasis and responses to viruses, microbes, allergens, and other environmental stimuli. The development of this ecosystem is influenced by the environment and regulated in part by epigenetic modifications and transcriptional changes to prevent or drive asthma inception. Additionally, environmental factors can alter airway microbiome composition and, through this pathway, modify asthma risk. We hypothesize that prenatal and early life exposures alter the trajectories of airway mucosal ecosystem development, as measured by the nasal microbiome, patterns of DNA methylation, and gene expression, to impact the risk for childhood asthma. We propose three specific aims to evaluate this hypothesis using serial samples of nasal cells obtained from children participating in the Childhood Allergy and the NeOnatal Environment (CANOE) study beginning at birth. First, we will evaluate the durability of early developmental patterns of the airway microbiome, epigenome, and transcriptome from the first year of life (including birth) to age 5 years. Second, we will identify relationships between host factors, prenatal and early life environmental exposures, and the development patterns of the nasal airway mucosal ecosystem. Finally, we will determine how the microbiome, epigenome, and transcriptome (independently and integratively) influence the incidence of asthma in young children. The results of these studies will identify early exposures and mechanisms of mucosal immune development that could inform strategies to promote health and ultimately, prevent childhood asthma.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $1,650,321 )
2026	2026	UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SYSTEM	21 N PARK ST STE 6301	MADISON	WI	53715	DANE	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	8/6/2026	NEW	$1,650,321
														Subtotal = $1,650,321

Grand Total All Awards = $1,650,321

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Childhood Allergy and the NeOnatal Environment (CANOE): Early life epithelial development and asthma

Award Number: R01AI202514

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 08/06/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 07/31/2031

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