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Epidemiology and Ecology of Cholera in Africa

Award Number: R01AI123422
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/01/2017
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/29/2028

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Epidemiology and Ecology of Cholera in Africa - The long-term goal is the elimination of cholera in Africa by identifying patterns of transmission that will enable endemic African countries reduce the number of districts with cholera by stopping transmission within and between districts. This goal is consistent with the goal of the Global Task Force for Cholera Control to “eliminate” cholera from > 20 countries by 2030. Using innovative surveillance, molecular and GIS methods, the study will conduct detailed molecular epidemiological studies in Nigeria, and Uganda to detect the spread of specific V. cholerae (Vc) genetic lineages and vibriophage and will monitor the impact of interventions intended to prevent cholera’s spread. By stopping cholera’s transmission within a country, the country will reduce the number of districts with cholera; thereby, creating a “cholera elimination scorecard” with which to monitor progress toward national elimination. This application builds on evidence from our initial RO1 study of cholera in Africa showing that cholera lineages “spread to” rather than “emerge from” endemic areas, and strategies to control cholera need to adapt to this new understanding. Many Sub-Saharan African countries are “endemic” since they regularly report cholera cases; however, most outbreaks are short (few weeks), are limited to a few districts or subdistricts and are caused by genetic lineages that move through an area and then die out. Because water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) is poor, these areas remain susceptible when a new genetic lineage is introduced. To improve the effectiveness of an elimination strategy, improved surveillance is needed to detect outbreaks quickly to intervene and prevent outward transmission. Rapid molecular surveillance is now possible with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) able to immediately identify cases while also providing DNA samples for PCR confirmation and molecular characterization using MLVA. Stools will also be cultured to create a repository of Vc strains, and feces will be spotted on filter paper and dried. The dried fecal samples (DFS) can be stored indefinitely without refrigeration, are easily transported, are not biohazardous, and can be used to detect Vc and vibriophage. Sewage samples will be collected to detect Vc and phage during and between outbreaks to further characterize transmission of genetic lineages and phage. By combining intensive surveillance, molecular epidemiology, and rapid evaluation of case GIS coordinates, quickly identified patterns of cholera transmission should improve targeted interventions (vaccine and WASH). The project uses innovative new technologies developed during the initial RO1 grant applicable to conditions in developing countries. These include evaluation of RDTs that allow results from RDTs to declare an outbreak as well as be used for molecular studies, rapid detection of Vc using a new simplified LAMP assay (termed RLDT), genotyping (MLVA) from DFS and RDTs, d) whole genome sequencing (WGS) from isolates as well as DFS, and d) phage detection from DFS.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $489,240 )
2026	2026	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	9	4/1/2026	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$489,240
														Subtotal = $489,240

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $725,627 )
2025	2025	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	002	8	3/24/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$725,627
2025	2023	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	6	11/1/2024	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2025	2021	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	5	1/21/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $725,627

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $737,666 )
2024	2024	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	7	2/26/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$663,900
2024	2024	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	002	7	5/23/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$73,766
2024	2023	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	6	10/25/2023	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $737,666

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $783,247 )
2023	2023	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	6	3/23/2023	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$783,247
2023	2021	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	5	3/14/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $783,247

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $664,440 )
2021	2021	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	5	3/10/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$664,440
														Subtotal = $664,440

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $827,563 )
2020	2020	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	4	5/21/2020	SUPPLEMENT FOR EXPANSION	$155,563
2020	2020	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	4	4/7/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$672,000
														Subtotal = $827,563

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $679,595 )
2019	2019	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	3	3/29/2019	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$679,595
														Subtotal = $679,595

Issue Date FY: 2018 ( Subtotal = $686,906 )
2018	2018	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	3/12/2018	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$686,906
														Subtotal = $686,906

Issue Date FY: 2017 ( Subtotal = $761,732 )
2017	2017	JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE	3400 N CHARLES ST	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	BALTIMORE CITY	USA	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	3/22/2017	NEW	$761,732
														Subtotal = $761,732

Grand Total All Awards = $6,356,016

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Epidemiology and Ecology of Cholera in Africa

Award Number: R01AI123422

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/01/2017

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 02/29/2028

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