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Epidemiology and Genomics of Multidrug resistant Salmonella Typhi infections in Kenya: The role of carriage in an endemic setting

Award Number: R01AI099525
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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PROJECT SUMMARY Salmonellae are Enterobacteriaceae that cause a spectrum of diseases in humans and animals, including enteric (typhoid) fever and gastroenteritis. Typhoid fever, caused primarily by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), results in a life-threatening systemic disease that is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality annually worldwide. The disease is endemic in many parts of Africa, including Kenya. 1-5% of individuals infected with S. Typhi become chronic carriers with the gallbladder (GB) as the site of persistence. S. Typhi is a human-restricted pathogen, therefore asymptomatic carriers represent a critical reservoir for further spread of disease. We have demonstrated that gallstones (GSs) aid in the development and maintenance of GB carriage in a mouse model and in humans, serving as a substrate to which salmonellae attach and form a protective biofilm. However, the epidemiology regarding the development of Salmonella chronic carriage and spread of the disease from both acute and chronic carriers is poorly understood. In this proposal, we intend to prospectively study a population in a typhoid fever endemic region in Kenya to better understand: (1) genomics, antibiotic resistance and biofilm phenotypes of the S. Typhi strains causing typhoid fever and chronic carriage, (2) the linkage of GSs to the establishment of chronic carriers, and (3) the local epidemiology and geospatial distribution of typhoid fever in the target urban community. Modeling the data gathered will allow a greater understanding of the strains causing acute and chronic infection and the associated epidemiologic factors contributing to S. Typhi spread in a community. This will also help healthcare practitioners better treat and predict the likelihood of disease transmission as well as asymptomatic carriage.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $132,184 )
2024	2024	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI CITY				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	10	3/19/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$132,184
														Subtotal = $132,184

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $132,125 )
2023	2023	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI CITY				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	9	5/4/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$132,125
														Subtotal = $132,125

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $132,069 )
2022	2022	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	002	8	4/13/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$132,069
2022	2021	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	7	4/11/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2022	2020	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	6	4/11/2022	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $132,069

Issue Date FY: 2021 ( Subtotal = $132,013 )
2021	2021	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	7	4/12/2021	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$132,013
														Subtotal = $132,013

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $132,968 )
2020	2020	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI		00200		KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	6	4/2/2020	COMPETING CONTINUATION	$132,968
														Subtotal = $132,968

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $0 )
2019	2017	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI		00200		KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	5	2/6/2019	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $0

Issue Date FY: 2017 ( Subtotal = $134,026 )
2017	2017	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	PLOT LINE OFF MBAGATHI ROAD	NAIROBI		00200		KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	5	1/27/2017	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$134,026
														Subtotal = $134,026

Issue Date FY: 2016 ( Subtotal = $124,705 )
2016	2016	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	BUSIA ROAD KISIAN	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	4	2/19/2016	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$124,705
														Subtotal = $124,705

Issue Date FY: 2015 ( Subtotal = $142,342 )
2015	2015	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	BUSIA ROAD KISIAN	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	3	1/29/2015	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$142,342
														Subtotal = $142,342

Issue Date FY: 2014 ( Subtotal = $140,722 )
2014	2014	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	BUSIA ROAD KISIAN	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	2	2/20/2014	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$140,722
														Subtotal = $140,722

Issue Date FY: 2013 ( Subtotal = $138,698 )
2013	2013	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	MBAGATHI RD BOX 54840	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	000	1	2/13/2013	NEW	$124,830
2013	2013	KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE	MBAGATHI RD BOX 54840	NAIROBI				KEN	Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research	001	1	6/6/2013	NEW	$13,868
														Subtotal = $138,698

Grand Total All Awards = $1,341,852

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Epidemiology and Genomics of Multidrug resistant Salmonella Typhi infections in Kenya: The role of carriage in an endemic setting

Award Number: R01AI099525

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

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