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Longitudinal Examination of Neighborhood Disadvantage, Cognitive Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Risk in Disinvested, African American Neighborhoods

Award Number: R01AG072652
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 02/15/2022
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 01/31/2027

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Longitudinal Examination of Neighborhood Disadvantage, Cognitive Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Risk in Disinvested, African American Neighborhoods - Project Summary African Americans (AAs) have disproportionately higher rates and earlier onset of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) relative to White Americans. Although prior research has made significant contributions to our understanding of racial disparities in ADRD, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how the individual lived experience of being AA, including cumulative exposure to structural racism, contributes to elevated ADRD risk and the potential mechanisms underlying those risks. Building on the existing, community-based research infrastructure developed by our team’s previously funded studies, we will follow a cohort of residents (n=1133) living in two historically disinvested, predominantly AA communities to understand how dynamic neighborhood socioeconomic conditions across the lifecourse contribute to cognitive outcomes in mid- and late-life adults. This proposal rests on the premise that neighborhood segregation and subsequent disinvestment contributes to poor cognitive outcomes for AAs via factors including a) lower access to educational opportunities and b) higher exposure to race- and socioeconomically-relevant stressors, including discrimination, trauma, and adverse childhood events. In turn, these cumulative exposures foster psychological vigilance in residents, leading to cardiometabolic dysregulation and sleep disruption, which may mediate associations between neighborhood disadvantage and ADRD risk. We also will examine potential protective factors that may promote cognitive health, including neighborhood social cohesion, safety, and satisfaction. The proposed study will leverage our existing longitudinal data on risk and protective factors, biobehavioral mediators, and baseline cognitive assessments, and will include: 1) three waves of cognitive assessments in the full cohort of participants who are 50 years+ (participants who are aged 35-49 years will have two assessments) and clinical adjudication of ADRD in participants who are 50+ (n=906), 2) additional assessments of blood pressure and objective sleep, 3) a comprehensive assessment of life and residential history using the questionnaire from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS); and 4) in-depth qualitative interviews to reveal lifecourse opportunities and barriers experienced by AAs in achieving optimal cognitive health in late life. Understanding how structural racism has influenced the lived experience of AAs including dynamic changes in neighborhood conditions over time is critical to inform multi-level intervention and policy efforts to reduce pervasive racial and socioeconomic disparities in ADRD.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $2,229,803 )
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH - OF THE COMMONWEALTH SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION	4200 FIFTH AVENUE	PITTSBURGH	PA	15260	ALLEGHENY	USA	Aging Research	002	4	6/18/2025	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$179,193
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH - OF THE COMMONWEALTH SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION	4200 FIFTH AVENUE	PITTSBURGH	PA	15260	ALLEGHENY	USA	Aging Research	004	4	6/21/2025	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$412,212
2025	2025	UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH - OF THE COMMONWEALTH SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION	4200 FIFTH AVENUE	PITTSBURGH	PA	15260	ALLEGHENY	USA	Aging Research	001	4	4/9/2025	CHANGE OF GRANTEE / TRAINING INSTITUTION / AWARDING INSTITUTION	$2,050,610
2025	2024	THE RAND CORPORATION	1776 MAIN ST	SANTA MONICA	CA	90401	LOS ANGELES	USA	Aging Research	000	3	4/8/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
2025	2024	THE RAND CORPORATION	1776 MAIN ST	SANTA MONICA	CA	90401	LOS ANGELES	USA	Aging Research	003	3	6/21/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$412,212
														Subtotal = $2,229,803

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $1,960,993 )
2024	2024	THE RAND CORPORATION	1776 MAIN ST	SANTA MONICA	CA	90401	LOS ANGELES	USA	Aging Research	000	3	2/8/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,764,895
2024	2024	THE RAND CORPORATION	1776 MAIN ST	SANTA MONICA	CA	90401	LOS ANGELES	USA	Aging Research	001	3	7/5/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$196,098
														Subtotal = $1,960,993

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $2,000,788 )
2023	2023	RAND CORP	1776 MAIN ST	SANTA MONICA	CA	90401	LOS ANGELES	USA	Aging Research	000	2	1/25/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$2,000,788
														Subtotal = $2,000,788

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $2,267,650 )
2022	2022	RAND CORPORATION, THE	1776 MAIN ST	SANTA MONICA	CA	90401	LOS ANGELES	USA	Aging Research	000	1	2/7/2022	NEW	$2,267,650
														Subtotal = $2,267,650

Grand Total All Awards = $8,459,234

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Longitudinal Examination of Neighborhood Disadvantage, Cognitive Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Risk in Disinvested, African American Neighborhoods

Award Number: R01AG072652

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 02/15/2022

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 01/31/2027

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