Identification and characterization of in-the-moment cognitive antecedents to alcohol use among drinkers with PTSD - Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) co-occurs frequently with hazardous alcohol outcomes, presenting
considerable public health burdens and challenging traditional treatment approaches. Although accessible
interventions able to adapt to individuals’ fluctuating internal risks within their natural environments are
emerging, these just-in-time adaptive interventions have largely not yet considered the role of trauma sequalae
in alcohol use. To do so, research needs to identify the acute risks for drinking operating in-the-moment as
individuals experience PTSD symptoms in their daily lives. There is a critical need to define and operationalize
acute cognitive processes underlying PTSD-related drinking (Aim 1), examine variability in such cognitions
amid PTSD symptoms in real-world settings (Aim 2), and establish which of these acute cognitions are linked
to actual drinking events and mediate PTSD-related drinking (Aim 3). During the K99 phase, Aim 1 comprises
a fine-grained qualitative examination into acute risk cognitions among frequent drinkers with PTSD, utilizing
focus groups to identify key acute cognitions and cognitive interviewing approaches to operationalize
measures of such cognitions. Aim 2 field-tests these cognitive assessments by examining whether they vary
across drinkers’ daily lives and are active amid PTSD symptoms within a 14-day ecological momentary
assessment (EMA) study. During the R00 phase, Aim 3 considerably extends such work to test whether these
acute cognitions are linked to actual drinking events as well as whether they are mechanisms of PTSD-related
drinking across another 14-day EMA. Collectively, this mixed methods investigation will identify proximal
cognitive mechanisms of PTSD-related drinking that can be targeted in future just-in-time interventions. As a
K99/R00 NIH Pathway to Independence Award, these research efforts would support the emergence of a
dedicated early career researcher (Dr. Zaso) with unique expertise in acute cognitive trauma-related drinking
processes. This K99/R00 also would afford Dr. Zaso instrumental development in acute PTSD-related drinking
processes, momentary assessment of affective alcohol cognitions, and the methodological/statistical
techniques necessary to characterize momentary, real-world drinking processes. The mentorship team offers
expertise in the intersection of trauma and alcohol use (Dr. Jennifer Read), with collaboration support on daily
processes in PTSD-related drinking (Dr. Tracy Simpson), acute activation of alcohol cognitions (Dr. Robert
Dvorak), optimization of mobile alcohol assessment and intervention (Dr. Tammy Chung), and statistical
modeling of multilevel alcohol etiologies (Dr. Craig Colder). Dr. Zaso’s career development will occur within
the Department of Psychology and Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions at the University at Buffalo,
which comprise a rich intellectual environment with a network of productive addictions researchers. Overall,
this K99/R00 will propel Dr. Zaso’s emergence as an independent trauma-related alcohol researcher with the
skills necessary to maintain a clinically impactful research program aimed at curtailing alcohol harms.
