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Evaluating telemedicine use for urinary tract infections among adolescent and young adult women

Award Number: K01DK146279
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES & DIGESTIVE & KIDNEY DISEASES
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: TRAINING/TRAINEESHIP
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 07/01/2026
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2031

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Evaluating telemedicine use for urinary tract infections among adolescent and young adult women - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial infection, accounting for over 10 million outpatient visits annually in the US, with the highest incidence among adolescent and young adult (AYA) women. Telemedicine has rapidly expanded for UTI care, but its clinical effectiveness and outcomes compared with in-person care remain unclear for AYA women. UTIs and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) share overlapping symptoms and are frequently misdiagnosed in AYAs without appropriate testing. However, telemedicine patients may not consistently receive recommended testing, as specimen collection typically requires an in-person visit or lab trip. A critical scientific gap remains in understanding how clinical processes, including diagnostic testing, and health outcomes differ between telemedicine and in-person UTI care in this population. The objective of this K01 proposal is to compare telemedicine and in-person UTI care for AYA women. The approach will leverage a combined EHR dataset from a major academic health system and a large safety net system. The central hypotheses are that, for AYA women, telemedicine UTI care is characterized by 1) lower use of UTI and STI diagnostic testing, and 2) greater likelihood of return visits and adverse clinical outcomes compared with in- person care. Interviews with AYA patients and health care team members will identify multi-level strategies to support guideline-concordant diagnostic testing in telemedicine and inform intervention development. The grant will achieve the following specific aims: 1) Compare use of UTI and STI diagnostic testing between telemedicine and in-person visits among AYA women ages 15-29 years with UTI (N=10,067); 2) Evaluate differences in the likelihood of UTI-related return visits and adverse clinical outcomes by care modality (Aim 1 cohort); 3) Qualitatively assess barriers and facilitators to diagnostic testing in telemedicine UTI care through interviews with AYA patients (n=24) and health care team members (n=24), and use the findings to design a theory-driven intervention supporting guideline-concordant testing. My long-term career goal is to promote optimal genitourinary health for AYAs, including through innovative healthcare delivery models. This K01 proposal will build on my prior experience with additional training and mentorship from a team of experts in UTI diagnostics, clinical informatics, and implementation science. It will provide integrated training, mentorship, and preliminary data for an R01 proposal to evaluate an intervention to improve guideline-concordant testing in telemedicine. The key innovation of this study is that it is the first to evaluate telemedicine UTI care among AYAs, the population with the highest incidence and misdiagnosis risk. It also comprehensively examines UTI and STI diagnostic practices and outcomes. This work will promote timely and accurate diagnosis of UTIs and STIs, reduce individual harms, and advance public health by addressing two major challenges: rising antimicrobial resistance and the STI epidemic disproportionately affecting AYAs.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $160,692 )
2026	2026	REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO, THE	1855 FOLSOM ST STE 425	SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94103	SAN FRANCISCO	USA	Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural Research	000	1	8/17/2026	NEW	$160,692
														Subtotal = $160,692

Grand Total All Awards = $160,692

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Evaluating telemedicine use for urinary tract infections among adolescent and young adult women

Award Number: K01DK146279

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES & DIGESTIVE & KIDNEY DISEASES

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: TRAINING/TRAINEESHIP

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 07/01/2026

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/30/2031

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