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Defining the role of premature infant microbial dysbiosis in mediating immune development and response to infection

Award Number: F32HD112151
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 11/01/2024
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 10/31/2027

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Defining the role of premature infant microbial dysbiosis in mediating immune development and response to infection - Abstract The gut microbiome plays a critical role in the development of the immune system during the first year of life. Contact between immune cells and commensal microbes during early life helps to fine-tune this balance, and early-life perturbations to the microbiome have been linked to later susceptibility to a wide range of health issues, from gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease, to respiratory conditions including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The gut microbiome in premature infants has been well described to be significantly altered, with over-abundance of opportunistic Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. Premature infants are at higher risk for adverse outcomes to respiratory infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) due to their immunocompromised state and incomplete lung development. We hypothesize that the altered state of the premature microbiome affects the ability of the immune system to effectively deal with infection. Our preliminary data suggest that the altered gut microbiome in premature infants induces neutrophil-biased immune responses but weaker anti-viral interferon and antibody responses; the combination of both may contribute to more severe RSV-induced lung injury in premature infants and increase the risk of asthma in later life. This proposal aims to define the contributions of the altered gut microbiome to the outcome of RSV infection in preterm infants, and to identify metabolites that might be used to “normalize” the respiratory immune responses to RSV infection in premature infants and improve their lung functions.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2026 ( Subtotal = $88,432 )
2026	2026	WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY	575 LEXINGTON AVE FL 9	NEW YORK	NY	10022	NEW YORK	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	2	11/24/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$88,432
														Subtotal = $88,432

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $85,864 )
2024	2024	WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY	575 LEXINGTON AVE FL 9	NEW YORK	NY	10022	NEW YORK	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	000	1	5/14/2024	NEW	$85,864
2024	2024	WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY	575 LEXINGTON AVE FL 9	NEW YORK	NY	10022	NEW YORK	USA	Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research	001	1	5/14/2024	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $85,864

Grand Total All Awards = $174,296

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Defining the role of premature infant microbial dysbiosis in mediating immune development and response to infection

Award Number: F32HD112151

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 11/01/2024

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 10/31/2027

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